Due to the rotation of the earth in an orbit, direction of the Sun changes relatively. This paper represents a setup, which is fabricated to minimize the angle of incidence between incoming light from Sun and a flat photovoltaic (PV) panel to increase the intensity of the light received. It increases the power generated by an installed power generating unit. This setup consists of a mechanical mechanism to tilt the flat PV panel towards the Sun. This mechanism is derived by DC motors having a high reduction ratio. Voltage supplies to these motors are controlled by the LDR (Light Dependent Registers) sensors by the means of electronic circuits. The energy consumed by the tracking system is very less. The cost of the mechanical parts and electronic components are very less. The Microprocessor is not used in this setup. Hence it does not require programming and computer interface. Not any geological data are required, because LDRs work on the differential of the light intensity at the both ends of the plate. The motive of the work is to fabricate a solar tracker at a very low cost.

This paper represents the comparison of the voltages generated by the tracking and static solar panels. The work also aims to design and  fabrication of a cheap and efficient tracking device. This device comprises of hardware and software. A rigid mechanical structure with nut and  screw as the transmission is developed. 4 LDRs and DC motors are employed, which are cheap and less power consuming. As far as the software  concerns, an open source microcontroller “Arduino UNO” board is used because of their simplicity and cost effectiveness. This Sun tracking device with a PV panel installed on it, is placed outside at the roof of the building along with a static solar panel. Output voltages generated from both panels are recorded in SD card through data logger in Arduino UNO. This real-time data shows the difference in amplitude of both the signals. Voltage of rotating panel is more than static one resulting that the tracking device can increase the efficiency of the panel by exposing the PV panel more to the sun light. Hence this setup proves that the solar panel with tracking system generates more energy than solar panel without tracking system. Keywords: Solar Tracker, LDR, PV Panel, Arduino UNO Board.