Aims:This study compared the effectiveness of prophylactic administration of topical flurbiprofen 0.03% and nepafenac 0.1% in maintaining mydriasis during small incision cataract surgery (SICS).Materials and Methods:This study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparative study in adult cataract patients given topical flurbiprofen or nepafenac prior to SICS and capsular bag intraocular lens (IOL) implantation at a tertiary care hospital. Horizontal and vertical diameters of pupil were measured at the beginning and end of surgery, and the mean values were compared across the two groups. Unpaired t-test and Fisher's exact test were used to analyse the results.Results:A total of 70 eyes of cataract surgery patients, 33 males and 37 females, with a mean age of 58.5 ± 11.24 years, were included in the study. The mean horizontal and vertical diameters of the two groups were similar at the start of surgery. Significant differences were seen after IOL implantation, with the nepafenac group having the larger mean diameters in both horizontal (P = 0.03) and vertical (P = 0.04) pupillary measurements.Conclusions:Topical nepafenac has been shown to be a more effective inhibitor of meiosis during SICS and provides a more stable mydriatic effect compared to topical flurbiprofen.

No abstract

The prevalence of diabetes has been reported to be rapidly increasing in both rural and urban India. [2] An oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) is the first line of drug treatment for Type 2 diabetes. However, the progressive nature of Type 2 diabetes usually requires a combination of two or more oral agents in the long term. Safety and tolerability often limit the optimal use of OADs. [3] According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined as "a noxious, unintended, and undesirable effect that occurs as a result Research Article Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major healthcare problem in India. Pharmacovigilance of antidiabetic drugs is crucial in detecting adverse drug reactions (ADRs)and providing feedback to physicians on their possibility. In India, few reports are available on the ADR profile of antidiabetic agents. Objectives: This study aims to detect frequency and total burden of different ADRs due to oral antidiabetic drug (OAD)use in a diabetes outpatient in a medical college in Eastern India. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted on Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on oral antidiabetic agents, attending Diabetes Clinic of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in West Bengal between April and September 2013. Details of adverse event history, history of medication suspected of having caused the ADR were recorded in the format followed in the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India. The causality relationship was assessed by the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre criteria. Results: A total of 1000 patients were screened, of which 276 were suspected of having at least one ADR. On causality assessment, 43 of these 276 cases had insufficient evidence about causality and were excluded from the analysis. Out of the remaining 233 patients, 275 suspected ADRs were detected. Among them, metformin contributed 51% of total ADR reported, in the form of dyspepsia and diarrhea, followed by glimepiride-induced hypoglycemia. Vogliboseinduced dyspepsia, pioglitazone-induced pedal edema were also common. Conclusions: ADRs due to OADs is a frequent problem. Few multicentric studies are needed for a strong antidiabetic drug ADR database in India.

No abstract

We describe an ab externo technique for scleral fixation of a subluxated single piece AcrySof (Alcon, Texas, USA) intraocular lens (IOL). A 10-0 polypropylene transcleral suture brought out of a paracentesis and traced back to form a loop is used to tie a cow hitch knot around a temporarily externalised haptic. The one piece design of the IOL, with flexible haptics, allows temporary externalisation through a 1.2 mm paracentesis. The tacky nature of the haptic material, square edges and the knob at the tip prevent slippage of the knot. The advantage of this technique is that the same one piece AcrySof IOL is retained and secured, while the risks and manipulations associated with explantation and exchange are avoided. While mere sulcus placement of a single piece AcrySof IOL may be associated with complications, scleral fixation is a viable solution.