The findings from our work can inform the design of communication strategies for team training to improve performance of complex tasks.

The authors propose a de-cluttering technique to simplify the depiction of visually complex Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP) procedures by reducing the number of paths shown on a single chart page. An experiment was conducted to determine whether charts with fewer paths ("Modified charts") allow improved access to information in terms of time and accuracy compared with charts that are currently used ("Current charts").Data were collected from 28 airline and 19 corporate pilots. Results show that pilot response times were significantly improved with the Modified charts. For approach procedures, the mean response time was 16.9 seconds for Current charts and 10.7 seconds for Modified charts. For departure procedures, the mean response time was 16.2 seconds for Current charts and 13.2 seconds for Modified charts. This difference in response time between Current and Modified charts was consistent across the different procedures (approach and departure), pilot types (Airline and Corporate), and chart manufacturers (FAA and Jeppesen) included in the study. Additionally, pilots answered questions correctly 99.5% of the time with no difference in response accuracy between Current and Modified charts. Note, this experiment only evaluated the potential benefit of separating paths across multiple pages and did not explore the drawbacks to this decluttering technique.

This paper continues work on an evolutionary, revenue-generating approach to Space Solar Power. In previous work, a 3-stage, self-sustaining program was proposed, that enables growth to full Space Solar power in 20 to 30 years. The approach is to first use a constellation of spacecraft in sun-synchronous orbits as a microwave power grid connecting renewable energy plants situated around the world. This step generates revenue primarily from the large temporal and geographic variations in cost and supply of electric power. It enables location of new renewable power plants in remote locations, and minimizes reserve needs for baseload qualification. In a second phase, replacements for the first generation satellites would incorporate converters from solar power to microwave beams, followed by placement of large ultralight collectors in high orbits to beam sunlight directly to the converters. Recent developments have improved options in the near millimeter wave regime. In this paper, the Phase 1 architecture is altered to investigate the minimum power level at which the system will pay for itself in 30 years. Cost estimates are related to the published literature and shown to be conservative. Parameter choices are systematically related to the Net Present Value.