Excessive use of chemical fertilizers is common for higher production of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). Chemical fertilizers are costly andhave adverse effect on soil environment. Keeping in view avoidingthe side effects of chemical fertilizers, an experiment was carried out for evaluating the different organic manures to select potential organic manure for better groundnut production during 2018-19 at Groundnut Research Station Attock. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications,  fivetreatments consisted of different organic and inorganic fertilizers i.e. T1 (FYM @7.5t/ha), T2 (PM @05t/ha), T3 (NPK @30:80:30 kg/ha), T4 (Vermicompost@ 2.5t/ha) and T5 control (zero fertilizer). Nutrients use efficiency, quality and yield components were recorded. The study revealed that organic manure can enhance the production and quality of Ground nut for replacing the chemical fertilizer. Poultry manure @ 05t/ha significantly produced higher yield (4203 kg/ha), shelling% (71%), 100 seed weight (72.66 g), plant height (31.66 cm), pods/plant(58.00), oil content (42.86%), protein(28.60%) during both the years over rest of treatments. Similarly FYM and vermicompost had better results than the NPK. Therefore it is recommended that poultry manure @05t/ha can improve groundnut yield under pothohar conditions of Pakistan.

The present study was conducted at four different locations for the evaluation of mung bean (vigna radia L.) genotypes. It was shown that all of the genotypes performed better in producing yield at Sarghoda region of Pakistan. The mung bean genotype MPP-15039 performed highest in Sarghoda region and produce high yield in all other three location of the Pakistan in comparison with other genotypes. In Faisalabad region all the genotypes performed on second number in producing mung bean yield as compared to other region. The production of the genotypes was on third position at Sialakot followed by Faroqabad. It was also depicted from the study that the genotypes producing more pods also produced more yield. The Genotype MPP-15039 was producing more pods in Sargodha region and it produced more yield. The genotypes producing less number of the pods also produce low yield as in MPP-15002 as shown in graph 3.

Raya (Brassica juncea L.) as an imperative oilseed crop, necessitates a judicious amount of fertilizers for its sufficient yield, however the soils in Pakistan are becoming nutrient scarce owing to extensive farming. In order to evaluate the accurate fertilizer requirement for potential raya yields, an experiment was conducted at Regional agricultural research institute, Bahawalpur, Pakistan during the years 2018-2020. Various combinations of NPK fertilizers were made and applied to Raya crop. The treatments were T1 (0-0-0 NPK kg/ha), T2 (0-60-60 NPK kg/ha) ,T3 (60-60-60 NPK kg/ha), T4 (90-60-60 NPK kg/ha), T5 (120-60-60 NPK kg/ha), T6 (90-0-60 NPK kg/ha), T7 (90-30-60 NPK kg/ha), T8 (90-90-60 NPK kg/ha),T9 (90-60-0 NPK kg/ha), T10 (90-60-30 NPK kg/ha) and T11 (90-60-90 NPK kg/ha). Subsequently, fertilizer recommendations were made on the basis of Mitscherlich-Bray equation. Theoretical maximum yield of Raya was obtained by plotting log y (grain yield) versus 1/x (amount of nutrient applied). The results showed that Soil have 10 kg (P ha?1) would need 125 kg Phosphorus oxide per hectare fertilizer to attain 90% grain yield. Moreover it was concluded that recommended dose of fertilizer for Raya was less in comparison to that achieved through application of Mitscherlich-Bray equation. From these results, it is crucial to assess the 90%maximum yield by implementing the formula prior to conducting of field trials in order to enhance economic outputs and to balance the nutrients in soils.

Wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) is a primary staple food crop that supports more than a third of the world's population and is Asia's main staple food. Abiotic stressors have an impact on wheat production all over the world. A hydroponic research was carried out to investigate the effects of various salinity levels. i.e 1.5, 5, 10 and 15 ds/m on 10 different cultivars of wheat (Aas-11, Gold-16, Johar-16, 1711, 1712, 1713, 1718, 1725, 1754 and V-4) during 2018 and 2019. The data regarding the effect of salinity on Plant shoot & Root length, Plant shoot & Root Fresh and dry weights and No. of tillers were recorded. Withevery increase in salinity level, decline in all growth parameters was observed.The number of tillers, shoot length and root length decreased with the increase in EC in all the tested strains/varieties. An overall decrease in total biomass by observed by wheat cultivars. The wheat cultivar 1713 showed tallest shoots while wheat cultivar 1712 has lowest length of shoot. Overall, Aas-11 performed better than all the cultivars tested.