Background: The aim of this study was to probe the best diagnostic tool for the detection of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESβL) producing uropathogen and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile to treat the infections properly. Methods:Clinical samples of urine were cultured on Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) Agar medium. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests were carried out by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Phenotypic methods were used for further confirmation of β-lactamase production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT), double disc synergy test (DDST) and by E-test for ESBL production. Aswab on Mueller-Hinton (MH) agar plates was used for further studies and the Optical Density (O.D.) of the cultures was set to 0.1 (at 530 nm).Results: Sample size N= 200 was selected from patients suffering from UTI. Out of the 200 samples, n=141 samples yielded Aerobic Gram Negative Bacteria (AGNB). The commonest organism isolated was E.coli n=108, best antimicrobial result of 95% was shown by imipenem. Among the AGNB isolates, 20 organisms (12.98%) were ESBL producers. E.coli showed highest ESBL production of 85%. The most effective antimicrobial in ESBL producers was Imipenem (84%) Augmentin was least sensitive (05%). Conclusion:ESBL production is a common phenomenon in UTI patients and screening by DDST for these enzymes is a good epidemiological tool to assess the overall situation in a certain setup.It was also seen that Imipenem (Carbapenem) is the drug of choice.

This study is important due to the long terms negative effects of using stimulants for ADHD therapy as they manifest negative side effects. The amphetamine stimulants are neurotoxic with long-terms use and it's imperative to use it in lower dosages while at the same time yielding the maximum affects to treat ADHD symptoms. This narrative review is conducted to explore the professional literature between 2000-2015. The trials conducted to explore the efficacy of adjunctive therapy with stimulants demonstrated various results. The supplementation of combined magnesium and vitamin B6 yielded positive results with significant improvement in ADHD, specifically in hyperactivity, aggression, and low attention span. Zinc supplementation, with 30 mg or more, with amphetamine aided in lowering the dosage of amphetamine use by at least 20% while yielding the same results compared to higher amphetamine use without zinc. Zinc+methylphenidate combination yielded positive results to lower ADHD symptoms; however the results are not conclusive due to more trials are needed in different dosages of zinc. Based on the clinical studies, dietary supplements are useful in treating ADHD symptoms. Clinical trials with zinc and magnesium+B6 have shown to yield positive results in lowering the ADHD symptoms. With current ADHD therapy, continued stimulant use leads to tolerance and increases with continued use; hence the stimulant dosage also needs to be increased to reach efficacy. Adding adjunctive dietary supplements have demonstrated that the