House-Tree-Person (HTP) Test drawings by children (N ϭ 131; age range 6 -15) in Haiti were studied statistically to assess for resilience and vulnerability post-2010 Haiti earthquake. Consistent with ecological theory, item contents indicated that resilience was derived from systems of home life and familial relationships, reflections on self-other interactions, interpersonal relationships, and connectedness with the environment, and that vulnerability was derived from living without external systemic support, placing a child at risk for an intrapersonal life of negative representation of self, self-in-relation to others, and personal-social attitudes. A pilot qualitative study developed item criteria with themes of resilience and vulnerability. While exploratory analyses of the scoring system led to the formation of resilience (RES) and Vulnerability (VUL) items (31 items) that were scored as present or not present (1 or 0) in the sample's drawings. For the study, several raters scored the same participant's 3 drawings, which showed fair interrater reliability through ICCs, moderate Cronbach's alphas, and a strong negative correlation between RES and VUL. A multivariate regression analysis for RES and VUL showed differences by age and sex, as well as trends in RES and VUL across time for participant locations that were impacted differently by postearthquake conditions. Over 50% of participants had significantly different RES and VUL scores that were not due to measurement error, suggesting differential individual profiles. The majority had higher RES scores and a few had significantly higher VUL scores, showing that resilience was the cultural norm for Haitian children. It is recommended that vulnerable Haitian children would benefit from strength-based resilience counseling for trauma. An innovative study applied the controversial HTP tool in a way that has not been done before to assess Haitian children who are exposed to continuous trauma. The study is important by virtue of examining over time the applicability and scope of the nonverbal HTP test to assess for adaptation and maladaptation in a non-English speaking and socioculturally different community in the Caribbean.

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