The work focuses on constitution without constitutionalism and the Africa experience. The idea of constitutionalism project two alternatives: constitution without constitutionalism and constitution with constitutionalism. Every political system has a constitution whether it is a constitutional system or not. But in Africa, constitution without constitutionalism is well instituted in governance; that has being responsible for her inability to progress. Any constitution without constitutionalism will definitely create a disconnection between the state and the citizen as it often does, making it increasingly difficult for the citizens to rely on the state. Thus, the society becomes an arena of various conflicts and promotion of common good is thereby sacrificed. This work trace the development of constitution without constitutionalism and the associated problems in Africa and concluded that if African is to make any meaningful progress in governance there is the need for Africa to adopt constitution with constitutionalism because that is the only alternative option for progress in governance and best way to meet the common good of her people.

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This paper delves into the nature of opposition in politics generally and specifically in SouthWest Nigeria. The paper argues that opposition politics in SouthWest is a matter of policy as such if the incumbent's actions are in line with the policies of the opposition group that person will enjoy the support of the opposition. The role of opposition is sacrosanct as it is essential to the smooth running of any representative democracy. The government should therefore, at all levels strive to do away with any policy that will thwart the effort of opposition, because in Nigeria most of the weaknesses of the opposition parties emanate from the incumbents' hostile policies, which are mostly aimed at fragmenting and weakening the opposition groups.

This work interrogates federal character principle (FCP) in Nigeria. The FCP was designed to fundamentally address the striking features of Nigeria politics of intense struggles for power among the different ethnic groups in the country between the elites from the North and their Southern counterparts and the various segments, but the practice of FCP in Nigeria so far raises curiosity and doubts. Given the outcome of the interrogation, this research work discovered and conclude that federal character has not indeed achieve its objective in the Nigeria, the study finds that Ethnocentrism, Elitism, Mediocrity, Mutual suspicion amongst others accounts for some inhibiting factors of the FCP in Nigeria. Like many other provisions of the Constitution, the Federal Character principle was meant to correct some imbalances experienced in the past, but it has created more problems than it has attempted to solve. Rather than promote national unity, it has disunited Nigerians. There is an urgent need to use more of professionals and result oriented Nigerians to carry out national tasks, than to use unprogressive people due to this "Federal character" issue. Nigeria should be a place where one's track records and qualifications are far greater than just "where they come from" or their lineage if Nigerian truly want to progress.

The work focuses on ethnic identity and constitutional representative governance in Nigeria and how it has been aided or impeded by ethnic politics. Democracy, in the liberal perspective, is government by popular representation; a form of government in which the supreme power is retained by the people, but is indirectly exercised through a system of representation and delegated authority periodically renewed; a constitutional representative government. Today in Nigeria, there is serious rivalry among the ethnic groups over issues such as power and resource sharing formula, the fear of domination, uneven development and many more. It is clear that constitutional representative governance in Nigeria has fallen far below expectation, as primordial ethnic loyalties are still deep seated. Ethnic identity is seen as the major cause of this failure; it has sentence of Nigeria to pernicious and precarious situations. For Nigeria to move forward democratically, politics of identity remained unhealthy for her nascent democracy. Because, it is prone to ethnic domineering and unequal distribution of dividends of democracy.