This study focuses on to Coronavirus (COVID-19) as an epidemic disease, Aims to how can spread in Libya, Methods and Materials: 21 coronaviruses (COVID-19) patients the age range from 16 years to 72 years old found that incidence compared to the age group highest in age between 31-45 years and above, and the lowest percentage was in the immersive group between the age 16-30 years and less than 16 years and on another side, Results: found that the rate of spread rapid of the Coronavirus (COVID 19) in females is higher than that of males as the ratio 2:1, that 66.7% for females, and 33.3% for males. On the other hand, (CPR, and D-Dimer) are methods to detect cases of COVID-19, it found that 43% of patients with high CRP, while 57% of patients with normal CRP. The Dimer, nearly two-thirds 13 (61.9%) of the patients have normal D -dimer, while eight (38.1%) patients had high D –dimer, 24% of patients are admitted to the intensive care unit, while 76% of patients don’t admit to the intensive care unit. Conclusion: the relationship between viral infection and heritance also females are more exposed to infection than males. Knowledge of diagnostic tests for COVID-19 continues to evolve and, from one perspective, highlights the need for them for local validation of positive and negative Ct cutoff values when setting up RTq PCR tests for the detection of SARSCoV2
Adverse effects of halothane on the liver range from liver dysfunction to hepatitis, and are more frequent following repeated use. Medical personals are in risk of chronic exposure of wasted halothane. However, there are limited literatures about this effect based on time exposure. To identify and analyze the liver cells changes of halothane exposure to liver cells of Balb/C mice. This experimental study used randomized post-test only control group design in 30 male BalbC mice given 0.011 mg/weight halothane 3 hours daily for two weeks (group 1), four weeks (group 2), six weeks (group 3), six weeks followed by 2 weeks of halothane free (group 4), and without exposure (control group). The liver tissues were HE stained and observed for enlarge, karyorrhexis, and karyolitic of the nucleus. Immunohistochemistry was undertaken to count the percentage of cytocrome-P450 stained brown colour and scored based on its intensity. The difference among groups and between each group were statistically significant (p< 0.05), except between group 2 and 4 (p = 0.078), and between group 3 and 4 (p = 0.522). The difference of cytocrome-P450 expression among groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.266). There was statistically significant difference of abnormal liver cell nucleus changes in groups with different time of halothane exposure (p = 0.000) while no statistically significant difference of cytocrome-P450 expressions (p = 0.266) was found. The nucleus changes were gradually increased with the time of exposure.
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