Sarawak is well known with its Terubok which is scientifically known as Tropical shad Tenualosa. In Sarawak, there are two types of Tenualosa that found namely Tenualosa toli and Tenualosa macura. However, due to the overexploitation and heavy fishing of terubok, the total catch landing has been declining. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate the potential of establishing sustainable terubok fisheries in order to sustain the population of terubok and livelihoods of Sarawak fisherman. This study is conducted in the core terubok area which are Batang Lupar, Batang Lassa and Batang Sadong. This study employed Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to estimate the willingness to accept (WTA) of the fisherman to conserve terubok. This study found out that the bidding amount, race which is Malay and Melanau, size of household and the fisherman experience may affect the WTA of the fishers. Besides, RM 301.08 is the average amount of compensation that will be given to the Terubok fisherman in order to conserve the Terubok populations. This study also recommends that the Terubok fisherman should be more educated andeducational training for the fisherman should be provided so that they may realize the importance of conserving Terubok.

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Mangroves and marshes provide mutual benefits in terms of providing aquatic eco-systems. Swamp forests contribute a variety of services to carry out activities that depend on water resources such as agricultural production, fishing and tourism. The destruction of mangrove forests is alarming despite the benefits we are receiving. A major reason for excessive depletion and conversion of wetland resources is often the failure to account adequately for their non market environmental values in developmental decision. The management role of ISSN 2161-7104 2016 58 the relevant agencies will only be effective pending supports by other stakeholders who may benefit directly or indirectly from the mangrove forest. Thus the approach should not only focus on the technical nor economic and socio political issues only but to reinforce the relationships of the players or actors who have interest in the domain of mangrove forest. This study aims to identify the process of governance and its effectiveness in managing the ecosystem and also assessing the role of mangrove forests towards local communities in Kuching Wetlands. Items are analyzed using factor analysis and the factor extraction leads to multiple regression method. The study distinguish that among the important factors in influencing the public perception of local governance mangrove forests in Kuching Wetlands, are community awareness, handling problems and conflict in the existing rules while other factors were not significant. However, most of the wetland local community does not contribute to ecotourism industry, even though they are aware of the importance if sustaining it. Thus the government can take opportunity to raise the awareness via the potential income that can be generated from eco tourism activities and realizing its importance of sustaining the natural resources. Journal of Public Administration and Governance

This study was done to evaluate the validity of an information sharing linkage scale which will be used for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in service sector. Content validity is evaluated by six experts in the field and quantified as content validity index (CVI). Content validity assessment is inclusive of four rating criteria which are relevance, clarity, simplicity and ambiguity. All items that fulfil the criteria of content validity index which isat least0.75 are usable for research instrument. The final version of linkages was improvised in 35 items with 3 factors for information sharing linkage i.e. customer linkage, supplier linkage, and internal linkage; 2 factors for firm performance i.e. operational performance and financial performance.

Terubok fish is an estuarine fish that is significant among local fishermen because of high commercial value and it also constitutes to source of income for Terubok fishermen during its catching season. Therefore, due to high commercial value, Terubok fish has been subject to overfished and the population has been declining throughout the years. This study is carried out to analyse the efficiency performance of Terubok fisheries in Malaysia. A sample of actively Terubok fishermen was selected through stratified random sampling and the field survey has conducted at three different places in Sarawak. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit Analysis were employed to determine the technical efficiency level and factors influencing technical efficiency among Terubok fishermen. The results of the study show that, most fishing units exhibit a low level of technical efficiency. This implies that either fishing inputs were used inefficiently, or insufficient inputs were used in fishing operations. The mean technical efficiency of the sample was estimated to be 0.304 using CRS Model, 0.406 using VRS Model and Scale Efficiency is 0.805. The determinant factors of efficiency among Terubok fishermen was among all, hours in a day, days spent in fishing per month, engine horsepower and fisherman association show positive sign towards efficiency contradictorily other determinant such as age, education, distance and length of vessels possess negative sign towards efficiency. These findings suggest that there’s urgent need to the efficiency level of the fishermen as this will indicate the impact of their living standard. With appropriate training and using more advanced technologies by the fishermen, the level of technical efficiency can be raised, segmented for inshore fisheries.