The erosion plot method for direct evaluation in agriculture became necessary to (1) quantify soil erosion on cocoa, areca and oil palm, (2) determine the most effective soil conservation, and (3) calculate nutrient content in sediment. The experiment was treated with three conservation practices and the conventional treatment as control in a completely randomised block design. The results showed for the areca land use, that soil conservation with ridges + maize produced the lowest erosion (1.68 t/ha). For cocoa land use, the ridges + groundnut treatment produced the lowest erosion (8.2 t/ha). For oil palm land use, the cover crop of Mucuna bracteata had lowest erosion yield (12.2 t/ha). Soil conservation techniques significantly affected the levels of organic C and available P under the cocoa land use, where ridges + maize have the lowest content of organic C and available P in soil sediment (1.03% and 0.69 ppm). Soil conservation at areca land use also has a significant effect on the levels of organic C and available N, but it did not affect significantly the levels of available P and exchangeable K sediments, where ridges + groundnut have lowest organic C and available N in sediment (1.4% and 0.18%). Furthermore, soil conservation on the land use of oil palm showed a significant effect on the levels of available P, but did not significantly affect the levels of organic C, available N and exchangeable K sediments. Soil conservation with cover crops Mucuna bracteata showed the lowest available P in sediments (0.86 ppm).

Gayo Lues District is known as Citronella and Arabica coffee producer in Aceh province, Indonesia. This paper aims to manage Citronella and Arabica coffee's land arrangement in the Gayo Lues District's cultivated area.  This implementation is aimed at maintaining the peculiarities of citronella products and Arabica coffee. Thus, the two commodities must be separated in terms of allocated sites.  The altitude for the area is 200-2,000 meters above sea level, consisting of ten classes, and the type of soils are Entisols, Oxisols, Inceptisols, and Ultisols. The area's slope between 0- to 40% (4 classes) was used to delineate the land units. There are 49 land units observed within the cultivated area of 160,017.17 ha.  The guidelines for land suitability classification by the Ministry of Agriculture for Citronella and Center for Coffee and Cocoa Research, Jember for Arabica coffee were utilized.   The results showed that 58,275.5 hectares of land were suitable for citronella, and 13,765.75 ha has been planted. The actual land suitability of citronella inside the area of 58,275.5 ha is suitable (S2 class) and marginally suitable (S3-class) and not suitable (N-class) with limiting factors are temperature, water availability, erosion hazard, and nutrient retention.  This land suitability can be improved by providing inputs to increase the level of suitability with temperature, water availability, and erosion hazard (slope) limiting factors. Also, 48,765.3 hectares can be developed for Arabica coffee, and 4,653.5 ha has been planted.  The actual land suitability for Arabica coffee is Suitable, Marginal Suitable, and Not Suitable, limiting the soil's physical properties (adequate soil depth), slope, and chemical properties of the soil.  Once repaired, the land's suitability becomes Suitable (S1-class) (without limiting factor), Suitable, and marginal suitable with the slope as a limiting factor. There is an area of 44,509.75 hectares of land at 200-1,400 m above sea level within the cultivation area developed with a Citronella. There is an area of 44,111.8 ha at the height of 800-2,000 m above sea level, potentially for  Arabica coffee.

No abstract

Arabica coffee productivity can be increased through improved cultivation techniques. This research aims to analyze Arabica coffee production to treat shading, pruning, and coffee pulp-husk organic fertilizer application. The research was carried out in two stages, in the first stage a field survey was conducted to determine the relatively uniform land and plant characteristics, while in the second stage was the application of coffee pulp-husk organic fertilizer and pruning of shaded and non-shaded coffee plants by using farmer's method and the recommended methods by the authors. The application of coffee pulp-husk organic fertilizer consists of 0, 2.50, 5.00, and 7.50 kg tree -1 , which is equivalent to 0, 4, 8, and 12 tons ha -1 respectively. This research was arranged in a split-plot design, with shades placed in the main plot, while pruning and the application of coffee pulp-husk organic fertilizer in the subplots. The variables observed were the number of redcherries tree -1 , greenbean (dry bean) production, and rendement (yield) production at 14% moisture content. Furthermore, the best effect and treatment were determined using variance analysis and the least significant difference (LSD). The result showed that shade only affected rendement production at 14% moisture content, coffee with shade is better than no shade, pruning affected the number of redcherries and greenbean production. Furthermore, the recommended pruning was better than farmer pruning, while coffee pulp-husk organic fertilizer affected all observed variables. Therefore, the best dose is 7.50 kg tree -1 (12 ton ha -1 ) because the treatment combination (SxPxF) affected only greenbean production.