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Objectives: We sought to determine the clinical presentations and ultrasonographic features of uterine fibroids in adult Ghanaians. Methods: Between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2021, 4279 ultrasound-confirmed cases of uterine fibroids were retrieved. The data obtained, which included age, clinical presentations, and sonographic features were analyzed. A chi-squared test was done to assess for possible associations between the clinical indications, age distribution, and ultrasonographic features of uterine fibroids. Results: The mean age of the patients diagnosed with uterine fibroids was 37.1±11.5 years (range = 16–69 years). Routine checkup (n = 1310, 28.1%), menorrhagia (n = 1104, 23.7%), and lower abdominal mass (n = 801, 17.2%) were the leading clinical indications. Dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, menorrhagia, and routine checkup were significantly noted in the younger patients (p ≤ 0.001). The majority of the fibroid nodules had smooth regular outline (n = 4125, 96.4%) and were mostly heterogeneous (n = 3282, 76.7%). The echo pattern of the nodules was predominantly hypoechoic (n = 3358, 51.1%) followed by hyperechoic nodules (n = 2554, 38.9%). Degenerative changes accounted for less than one-third of the total fibroid nodules, with the least recorded degenerative change being nodules with cystic areas (n = 55, 5.4%) and the most observed degenerative feature being nodules with rim of calcification and areas of calcified degeneration (n = 965, 94.6%). Almost all the sonographic features were significantly seen in the 30–44 years age category. Conclusions: Sonographically, uterine fibroids were mostly hypoechoic heterogeneous nodules with a smooth regular outline with a predominant occurrence within women in the fourth to fifth decade of life.

The purpose of this study is to report computed tomography (CT) findings of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in patients who underwent head CT at the Tamale Teaching Hospital (TTH) due to head trauma. Material and methods:A retrospective review of 53 head trauma CT reports covering a two year period in the TTH. Variables extracted to form basis of data included patient gender and age, aetiology of injury, and findings of radiologists. Data was processed and analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and results presented mainly in tables.Results: Of the 53 head trauma patients, male composed 77.4% and female 22.6%. Patients in the age range of 21-40 years were the most affected, and least affected were those between 41-50 years. Falls, assault and road traffic accident (RTA) all together caused less traumas than trauma of unspecified aetiologies. Various TBIs were observed in twenty one (21) patients with some features being more prevalent than others. Noteworthy, the prevalence of normal brain finding was alarming, being reported in 32 patients. Conclusion:This research concur that CT is an important imaging modality in diagnosing TBI. Our data affirms that intracranial haemorrhage, brain contusion, brain atrophy, and infarct were the most reported imaging features of TBI at the TTH. There was male and productive age population (21-40 years) preponderance of head trauma.Unspecified source was the highest cause of head traumas followed by RTA.

Spigelian hernia is an uncommon form of abdominal wall hernia. The symptoms can be insidious but the commonest are abdominal pain or a lump on the anterior abdominal wall. Diagnosis can be challenging, but the use of ultrasonography and contrast enhanced CT (CECT) scan is essential to avoid diagnostic delays. In view of a high risk of incarceration and strangulation anticipated, urgent operative intervention is necessary. In this case report, a 42-year old multiparous woman presented with bilateral lumps on the abdominal wall and abdominal pain with no symptoms or signs of obstruction or strangulation. The clinical evaluation was suspicious of bilateral spigelian hernia. This was confirmed by CECT scan of abdomen as ultrasonography was inconclusive. This case report illustrates the diagnostic challenges of spigelian hernia and how early operative intervention is crucial to preventing strangulation.