Coagulation test, in principle, is an immunodiagnostics technique, in which immunoglobuline G of antibody is bound to protein A from Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of study is to develop a rapid test kit for detecting iridovirus infection in fish. Method was summarized as follows: (1) vaccine of iridovirus was injected to rabbit four times with a dosage as 0.5 mL, 1 mL, 2mL, 3 mL each week. Serum was collected at the fifth week as a coagglutination test kit; (2) through the positif polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, the kidney and spleen sample infected with iridovirus are homogenized by using the phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution of pH 7.2 with ratio 1:2 (W/V); (3) the supernatant material is collected after centrifugation at 8,000 rpm for 15 min; (4) filtrate/supernatant from sample was dropped on a slide an added with coagglutination test kit with the same volume (1:1); (5) the agglutination observation is done after the 30, 60 and 90 min incubate at room temperature. The coagglutination test gave positive result in 25% of the test samples.

Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) has been reported to infect larvae and juvenile of humpback grouper, and until now, this virus is one of main problem for humpback grouper. Co-agglutination test proved to be a simple, rapid and reliable diagnostic test suitable for use in the field or laboratory without any special apparatus. The study aimed to study application of a co-agglutination test using Staphylococci sensitized with specific antibody for the diagnostic of VNN in grouper. First, brain and eye organ samples from diseased fish are homogenized with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) of pH 7.2. Then, the supernatant is collected after centrifugation at 8,000 rpm for 20 min, and finally one drop of the supernatant and one drop of anti VNN antibody sensitized Staphylococci suspension are mixed on a glass slid and observation of the agglutination is performed after 5-10 min. The result shows that co-agglutination technique detects positive VNN in the brain and eye samples. The co-agglutination technique may provide valid result in a very short time as compared with complex method, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbant essay (ELISA) and fluorescient antibody technique (FAT) that require a high cost. Thus, this test can detect VNN faster, simple and more economic.

Penyakit yang dapat menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang sangat tinggi adalah virus dan salah satunya adalah Megalocytivirus. Megalocytivirus mempunyai tiga spesies yaitu Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV), Red Sea Bream Iridovirus (RSIV), dan Turbot Redy Body Iridovirus (TRBIV). Gejala klinis pada ikan yang terinfeksi Megalocytivirus pada umumnya terlihat dari perubahan tingkah laku yaitu nafsu makan berkurang, berenang lemah, dan malas bergerak. Tubuh ikan yang terinfeksi terlihat lebih gelap baik pada permukaan tubuh sirip, dan bagian ekor. Metode uji yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pengambilan sampel, pengujian histopatologi, deteksi spesies Megalocytivirus dengan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sampel ikan yang menunjukan gejala klinis diambil dari beberapa kabupaten/kota yang ada di kepulauan Riau antara lain Batam, Tanjungpinang, Bintan, Tanjung Balai Karimun dan Natuna. Sampel ikan adalah ikan kakap dan kerapu dari keramba jaring apung dan hatchery. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeteksi spesies Megalocytivirus pada budidaya ikan laut yang ada di Kepulauan Riau. Pada uji histopatologi ditemukan lesio berupa badan inklusi, nekrosa, melano makrofag center pada hati, ginjal dan limpa. Badan inklusi dan nekrosa yang menyebar pada organ tersebut merupakan karakteristik Megalocytivirus. Hasil identifikasi PCR dengan menggunakan gen Major Capsid Protein pada panjang amplikon 777 bp berhasil mendeteksi Megalocytivirus. deteksi spesies Megalocytivirus dibeberapa Kabupaten/Kota di Kepulauan Riau menunjukan semua sampel ikan air laut terinfeksi ISKNV, sedangkan untuk spesies RSIV dan TRBIV tidak berhasil dideteksi pada penelitian ini. Infeksi Mengalocytivirus sudah menyebar pada budidaya ikan laut diseluruh kabupaten/Kota di Propinsi Kepulauan Riau. Spesies Megalocytivirus yang terdeteksi di Kepulauan Riau adalah ISKNV.

Diseases that can cause very high economic losses are viruses and one of them is Betanodavirus or commonly called Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN). VNN is a disease registered by The Office International des Epizooties (OIE) and is a major problem in marine fishery production in the world. This virus is able to infect fish from larva size to consumption size in a short period of time to reach death with a frequency of 80% to 100%. The disease can infect barramundi and is spread throughout the Riau Islands. This study used a live fish sampling method showing VNN signs and freshly dead fish. The research samples were obtained from several cities and districts in the Riau Islands Province, including Batam City, Bintan Regency, and Tanjung Balai Karimun Regency, the sample selection was based on clinical symptoms and fish mortality. Then the samples were necropsied for eye and brain organs, then amplified using primers targeting the RNA 2 gene. The results showed that VNN had been detected in the Riau Islands Province, i.e. Batam City, Bintan Regency, and Tanjung Balai Karimun Regency.