Designating protected areas remains a core strategy in biodiversity conservation. Despite high endemism, montane forests across the island of Java are under-represented in Indonesia's protected area network. Here, we document the montane biodiversity of Gunung Slamet, an isolated volcano in Central Java, and provide evidence to support its increased protection. During September–December 2018, we surveyed multiple sites for birds, primates, terrestrial mammals, reptiles, amphibians and vegetation. Survey methods included transects, camera traps and targeted searches at six sites, at altitudes of 970–2,512 m. We used species distribution models for birds and mammals of conservation concern to identify priority areas for protection. We recorded 99 bird species (13 globally threatened), 15 mammals (five globally threatened) and 17 reptiles and amphibians (two endemic). Our species distribution models showed considerable cross-taxon congruence between important areas on Slamet's upper slopes, generally above 1,800 m. Particularly important were records of the endemic subspecies of the Endangered Javan laughingthrush Garrulax rufifrons slamatensis, not recorded in the wild since 1925, the Endangered Javan gibbon Hylobates moloch and Javan surili Presbytis comata, and the Vulnerable Javan lutung Trachypithecus auratus and Javan leopard Panthera pardus melas. Recent forest loss has been modest, at least 280 km2 of continuous forest remain above 800 m, and our surveys show that forest habitats are in good condition. However, the mountain is widely used by trappers and hunters. Given its importance for biodiversity conservation, we discuss different options for improving the protection status of Gunung Slamet, including designation as a National Park or Essential Ecosystem.

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A study of Psittacidae community has been conducted in the area of Mbeliling landscape, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. The purpose of this study was to asses the community of Psittacidae which includes the relative abundance, dominance and species composition in three locations with their different representations of habitats and altitudes. Data were collected in May and July 2013 from three locations, namely Lengkong Ra’beng, Dencang Mese and Wae Ndae. The data collection method used is Point Count. As many as 330 individual Psittacidae were found which are included in 4 different species; Tanygnathus megalorynchos, Geoffroyus geoffroyi, Trichoglossus haematodus weberi and Loriculus flosculus. Amongst the four species found, Loriculus flosculus is listed as Flores’s endemic species and Trichoglossus haematodus weberi is listed as Flores’s endemic sub-species. The relative abundance of each species are expressed in encounter rates. The dominance index value of Mbeliling region is at 0.547. Results shows that these four species are dispersed in different group clusters in composition dependant to the type of habitats represented at three sampling sites. Results pointed out the importance of Mbeliling Landscape area for Psittacidae conservation in Flores.