Objectives: To investigate the association between malocclusion/dentofacial anomalies and dental caries among adolescents. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 509 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years enrolled at public schools in the city of Osó rio in southern Brazil. Parents/caregivers answered a structured questionnaire on demographic and socioeconomic variables. A trained examiner recorded the presence of malocclusion (Dental Aesthetic Index [DAI]), traumatic dental injury, and dental caries. Data analysis involved the chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Poisson regression with robust variance was used for the multivariable analysis. Results: A total of 44.8% of the adolescents had dental caries (mean DFMT 5 1.33 6 1.84). The DAI index ranged from 15 to 77 (mean 5 29.0 6 7.9); 43.6% of the sample had severe malocclusion and 11.6% had traumatic dental injury. The prevalence and severity of dental caries were significantly greater among adolescents with severe malocclusion. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that adolescents with severe or handicapping malocclusion had a 31% greater probability of having dental caries (prevalence ratio: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.02-1.67), independently of demographic, socioeconomic, or clinical aspects. The orthodontic characteristics associated with the occurrence and severity of caries were maxillary irregularity $3 mm (P 5 .021) and abnormal molar relationship (P 5 .021). Conclusions: Handicapping malocclusion, maxillary irregularity, and abnormal molar relationship were associated with the occurrence and severity of dental caries. The findings suggest that the prevention and treatment of these conditions can contribute to a reduction in dental caries among adolescents.

RESUMO:O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar a presença de reabsorção cervical externa em pacientes submetidos ao clareamento de dentes desvitalizados. Os pacientes avaliados tiveram pelo menos um dente desvitalizado clareado entre os anos de 1986 a 1996. Os pacientes foram submetidos à técnica de clareamento com perborato de sódio e peróxi-do de hidrogênio, de acordo com a técnica descrita por Busato et al. 5,6 . Dos 193 pacientes chamados para que os dentes clareados fossem examinados clínica e radiograficamente, apenas 43 pacientes compareceram (54 dentes) com uma média de tempo após o clareamento de 3,5 anos. Os resultados permitiram concluir que em nenhum dos dentes examinados foi possível observar indícios de reabsorção cervical externa. UNITERMOS: Reabsorção da raiz; Clareamento de dente; Peróxido de hidrogênio. ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of external resorption in non-vital teeth submitted to bleaching. The evaluated patients had at least one non-vital tooth, which had been bleached between 1986 and 1996. All teeth were submitted to bleaching with hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate, as described by Busato et al. 5,6 . From 193 patients recalled for clinical and radiographic evaluation of bleached teeth, only 43 attended (54 teeth). The average time elapsed after bleaching was 3.5 years. The results revealed that none of the examined teeth had any degree of external cervical resorption. UNITERMS: Root resorption; Tooth bleaching; Hydrogen peroxide. INTRODUÇÃOO escurecimento dos dentes é motivo de grande preocupação por parte dos pacientes. Nesse contexto, o clareamento de dentes desvitalizados é uma terapia muito requisitada na prática diária do consultório 7 . A etiologia do escurecimento de dentes desvitalizados é bem conhecida. Essa mudança cromática pode ser ocasionada por uma hemorragia advinda de trauma, técnica terapêutica inadequada, espaço de tempo entre o traumatismo e o atendimento odontológico e tempo de permanência da restauração provisória, após o tratamento de canal 2,6 . Independentemente desses fatores causais, todo profissional deve estar bem preparado para diagnosticar corretamente a causa da alteração de cor, pois essa é uma condição indispensável para o sucesso do procedimento.A técnica de clareamento é um procedimento utilizado há muito tempo, e tem três vantagens indiscutíveis, como: evitar o desgaste de estrutura dentária em comparação com outros procedimentos, obter resultados estéticos satisfatórios comprovados em longo prazo e onerar menos o paciente 6 . Contudo, sabe-se também que há efeitos deleté-rios para os dentes e as estruturas de suporte 9 , sendo a reabsorção cervical externa (RCE) a mais grave descrita na literatura.Desde o relato de Harrington, Natkin 14 (1979), outras publicações têm sido realizadas buscando associar o clareamento de dentes aos problemas de RCE. Apesar desta associação não estar com-131 Endodontia

Objectives: To investigate the association between malocclusion/dentofacial anomalies and dental caries among adolescents. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 509 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years enrolled at public schools in the city of Osó rio in southern Brazil. Parents/caregivers answered a structured questionnaire on demographic and socioeconomic variables. A trained examiner recorded the presence of malocclusion (Dental Aesthetic Index [DAI]), traumatic dental injury, and dental caries. Data analysis involved the chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Poisson regression with robust variance was used for the multivariable analysis. Results: A total of 44.8% of the adolescents had dental caries (mean DFMT 5 1.33 6 1.84). The DAI index ranged from 15 to 77 (mean 5 29.0 6 7.9); 43.6% of the sample had severe malocclusion and 11.6% had traumatic dental injury. The prevalence and severity of dental caries were significantly greater among adolescents with severe malocclusion. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that adolescents with severe or handicapping malocclusion had a 31% greater probability of having dental caries (prevalence ratio: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.02-1.67), independently of demographic, socioeconomic, or clinical aspects. The orthodontic characteristics associated with the occurrence and severity of caries were maxillary irregularity $3 mm (P 5 .021) and abnormal molar relationship (P 5 .021). Conclusions: Handicapping malocclusion, maxillary irregularity, and abnormal molar relationship were associated with the occurrence and severity of dental caries. The findings suggest that the prevention and treatment of these conditions can contribute to a reduction in dental caries among adolescents.

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The aim of this study was to conduct an in vivo investigation of the correlation between the visual and radiographic scoring systems by Ekstrand et al.7 (1997) for the diagnosis of occlusal caries lesions. The study sample comprised 147 occlusal sites from 23 patients. Two trained and experienced examiners performed the clinical visual examinations. A third examiner, which was also trained, experienced and blind to the results of the visual clinical examination, performed the analysis of the bitewing radiographs. The correlation between visual and radiographic scores was assessed by Goodman & Kruskal's gamma correlation coefficient. Results showed a strong correlation between the scores for occlusal caries found in the visual and radiographic diagnosis systems used in this study.