Abstract

Narażenie kobiet ciężarnych na używki, leki oraz stres Exposure to drugs, medications and stress during pregnancy Streszczenie Wstęp. Literatura podaje liczne dowody negatywnego wpływu alkoholu, nikotyny, czy leków w ciąży. Wiele danych wskazuje na związek stresu oraz pracy fizycznej w cią-ży z licznymi jej powikłaniami.Cel. Celem badania była ocena narażenia kobiet ciężar-nych na dym tytoniowy, alkohol, stres, wysiłek fizyczny oraz leki oraz analiza ich świadomości i wiedzy na ten temat, ze wskazaniem grup wysokiego ryzyka.Materiał i metody. Badanie przeprowadzono w sierpniu i wrześniu 2012 roku w przychodniach ginekologiczno-położ-niczych w Lublinie wśród 138 kobiet ciężarnych. Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz ankiety zawierający 26 pytań.Wyniki. W badanej grupie 69.6% ciężarnych nigdy nie paliło papierosów, natomiast 25.3% narażało swe nienarodzone dziecko na szkodliwe związki tytoniu w I trymestrze ciąży. Palenie zaobserwowano statystycznie częściej m.in. wśród kobiet młodych oraz narażonych na wysoki stres. Niepokojący jest fakt, iż co piąta badana kobieta posiada nieprawidłową wiedzę na temat spożywania alkoholu w cią-ży. Znacząco częściej były to ciężarne nieplanujące dziecka, narażone na wysoki stres, stosujące samoleczenie w ciąży oraz korzystające z Internetu, jako głównego źródła informacji na temat zdrowia w tym okresie. Połowa ankietowanych aktywnych zawodowo wykonywała pracę fizyczną. Narażenie na wysoki stres odczuło 20.2% kobiet; korelował on istotnie statystycznie z wykształceniem wyższym oraz z wykonywaną pracą umysłową. Niemal połowa badanych zastosowałaby samoleczenie i byłyby to głównie leki dostępne bez recepty, gdzie preparaty z grupy NLPZ zaznaczyła co czwarta respondentka.Wnioski. Brak rzetelnej wiedzy i świadomości ciężar-nych sprawia, że sięgają w czasie ciąży po szkodliwe substancje. Znaczna część ciężarnych aktywnych zawodowo wykonuje pracę fizyczną ciężką lub jest narażona na stres, który powoduje częstsze sięganie po używki. Leki sprzedawane bez recepty są często postrzegane, jako bezpieczne i przyjmowane przez ciężarne bez porozumienia z lekarzem. AbstractIntroduction. Literature provides much evidence of negative effects of alcohol, nicotine, or drugs in pregnancy. There are also data indicating the relationship of stress and physical work with many complications during this period.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the exposure of pregnant women to tobacco smoking, alcohol, stress, exercise, medications, and analysis of their awareness and knowledge on the subject, indicating the high-risk groups.Material and methods. The study was conducted in August and September 2012 in gynecology and obstetric clinics in Lublin with 138 pregnant women. A questionnaire containing 26 questions was a proprietary research tool.Results. In the study group, 25.3% of women were exposed to harmful tobacco compounds in the first trimester. Smoking was observed statistically more often among young women and the women exposed to high stress. Every fifth woman has abnormal knowledge of alcoh...

Introduction. Alcohol is a major risk factor of diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, and mortality. There are more and more proposals to reduce alcohol consumption, including the controlling the price of alcohol.Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of alcohol use among students of the Medical University of Lublin, with a particular focus on the impact of alcohol prices on the size of its consumption.Material and methods. A survey among 168 students from various fields of study was conducted in 2012. The research tool was a questionnaire containing 43 questions.Results. Alcohol was consumed by 92.86% of respondents (95.24% men and 92.06% women). Most of them (48.72%) were drinking less than once a week, 31.41% -one or two times per week and 19.87% -more than twice a week. Nearly two times more likely to drink are men. Since the start of their higher education, 36.49% of students increased alcohol intake, for 43.24% consumption remained unchanged, and decreased for 20.27%. The most common alcohol of choice is beer (to 56.41%), followed by wine (20.51%) and vodka (16.67%). Men spend more on alcohol per week compared to women. Students who positively evaluate their health spend less on alcohol than those who rate their health as average or poor. However, the level of wealth does not affect the profile of drinking alcohol. Introduction of a minimum price for alcohol is advocated by 27.00%, against 45.00%, no clear opinion is presented by 28.00% of respondents.Conclusions. Student community is aware of the problems associated with alcohol and proposes several ways to minimize abuse. However, there is no clear support for any of these ideas. Price does not play the most important role in choosing the type of alcohol, but with the increase by 50% or more, we can expect a significant reduction in consumption. Low probability of large markup, which would significantly reduce alcohol consumption, forces to look for other ways of fighting this addiction.

Introduction. Literature provides much evidence of negative effects of alcohol, nicotine, or drugs in pregnancy. There are also data indicating the relationship of stress and physical work with many complications during this period.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the exposure of pregnant women to tobacco smoking, alcohol, stress, exercise, medications, and analysis of their awareness and knowledge on the subject, indicating the high-risk groups.Material and methods. The study was conducted in August and September 2012 in gynecology and obstetric clinics in Lublin with 138 pregnant women. A questionnaire containing 26 questions was a proprietary research tool.Results. In the study group, 25.3% of women were exposed to harmful tobacco compounds in the first trimester. Smoking was observed statistically more often among young women and the women exposed to high stress. Every fifth woman has abnormal knowledge of alcohol use observed significantly more often among women with unplanned pregnancy, young and under high stress level. Fifty per cent of economically active participants were performing physical work during pregnancy and 20.2% were exposed to high stress, which correlated significantly with higher education and performed "desk job". Every fourth respondent among half of the respondents who use the self-treatment in case of complaint would apply NSAIDs.Conclusions. Lack of knowledge and awareness of pregnant women make them reach for harmful substances. Some pregnant women perform heavy physical work as well as are exposed to stress, which results in more frequent recourses to drugs. Some drugs are often seen as safe and accepted by pregnant women without consulting a doctor.