It is well recognized that the quality of host plants affects the development and survival of plant-feeding arthropods. The effects of two leafy vegetable crops, amaranth, Amaranthus cruentus L. (Caryophyllales: Amaranthaceae) and nightshade, Solanum macrocarpon L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) were examined on the development and demographic parameters of the spider mite, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae). This mite was recently identified as a pest of the two leafy vegetables which are widely used in West Africa. The experiments were conducted at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Benin, West Africa, in a growth chamber at 27°C, 70% ±10% RH and 12:12 (L:D). Immature development of T. ludeni was shorter on A. cruentus than on S. macrocarpon, whereas female longevity was the same on the two vegetable crops. Total fecundity per female was higher on A. cruentus than on S. macrocarpon, largely due to longer survival of adult female T. ludeni on the former; however, no differences were observed in the daily fecundity of T. ludeni on the two plant species. The comparison of intrinsic rates of natural increase (rm), the net reproductive rates (Ro) and the survival rates of adult stage of T. ludeni on the two vegetable crops suggests that T. ludeni performs better on S. macrocarpon than on A. cruentus. Reasons for the lower rate of population growth observed on amaranth should be studied in more details as this could be used in IPM strategies such as intercropping to reduce pest density and in developing biopesticides for use against T. ludeni in vegetable farms in Africa.
L'acarien tarsonème, Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks, est un important ravageur de l'aubergine Gboma (Solanum macrocarpon L.), un légume-feuille de grande consommation au Bénin. La gestion de ce ravageur repose fondamentalement sur la lutte chimique avec toutes ses conséquences sur la santé et sur l'environnement ; d'où la nécessité de rechercher des solutions alternatives. Ainsi, la performance de trois biopesticides notamment huile de neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), extraits aqueux de hyptis (Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit, et du faux basilic (Ocimum gratissimum L), a été testée sur les oeufs et adultes de P. latus au laboratoire de paires avec celle de Acarius et Sunpyrifos, deux acaricides chimiques communément utilisés au Bénin. Aussi, leurs effets sur les densités de population du ravageur et la productivité du Gboma ont-ils été évalués en plein champ. Au laboratoire, les taux moyens d'éclosion des oeufs ont varié significativement entre traitements, allant 36 ± 5% à 80 ± 5% (P < 0,0001). Le plus fort taux d'éclosion a été enregistré sur le témoin et hyptis tandis que le plus fort d'éclosion a été enregistré avec Acarius suivi du Sunpyrifos et de l'huile de neem. Les taux de mortalité des adultes de P. latus ont également varié significativement entre les différents traitements allant de 43 ± 2% à 100% (P < 0,0001). Les plus faibles mortalités ont été enregistrées sur le témoin suivi de hyptis tandis que les plus forts taux ont été
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