Purpose The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of telemedicine technology and to discuss the role of legislation in the application of telemedicine technology within the scope of COVID-19. Methods The search for papers was conducted in the databases Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, and Embase. The keywords considered for this systematic review were (coronavirus OR “2019-nCoV” OR 2019nCoV OR nCoV2019 OR “nCoV-2019” OR “COVID-19” OR COVID19 OR “HCoV-19” OR HCoV19 OR CoV OR “2019 novel*” OR Ncov OR “n-cov” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “SARSCoV-2” OR “SARSCoV2” OR “SARSCoV2” OR SARSCov19 OR “SARS-Cov19” OR “SARS-Cov-19” OR “severe acute respiratory syndrome*” OR ((corona* OR corono*) AND (virus* OR viral* OR virinae*))) AND ((telemedicine OR telehealth OR “remote assessment” OR telemonitoring)). The review process was carried out by six independent reviewers, using the PRISMA-P method. Results As a result, a total of 34 papers were selected, which addressed the study of telemedicine technologies used in times of endemics, epidemics, and pandemics, focusing on COVID-19. Conclusion Telemedicine allows for care in remote areas and at a lower cost to the patient and, in the current situation, it can reduce the number of contagions as well as the occupation of beds in health facilities. Telemedicine may suffer from limitations, mainly due to current legislation, but in this pandemic era of COVID-19, several countries around the world have made their laws more flexible to allow more widespread use of telemedicine.

Introduction: Multidimensional efficiency analysis can provide important insights into the performance of hospitals.In this paper, we propose a multidimensional model based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to investigate and compare the efficiency of public hospitals in Brazil. Methods: Data from 21 public hospitals were collected from public databases (OECD -Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; SIH-SUS -SUS Hospital Information System, Datasus, Brazil). Four inputs (Number of medical and non-medical staff, Annual revenue, Number of beds, Average length of patient hospitalization), four Variables of Influence (Type of hospital, Accredited hospital, Number of medical specialties, Resources from government) and four Outputs (Number of outpatient care services, Number of hospitalizations, Number of surgeries, Number of exams) were used to feed the DEA model. Results: Seven hospital units reach 100% efficiency and, according to DEA, can be considered efficient units. Two units were considered "almost efficient" and the remaining twelve units perform poorly, considering the data supplied to the DEA model. As a whole, the average efficiency of the hospitals investigated was 79% (0.79). Conclusion: A very heterogeneous performance has been found among the Brazilian public hospitals investigated. Besides, the reasonably low average efficiency seems to indicate that the system has a large potential for improvement in almost all areas associated with the input and output variables investigated in this paper.Keywords Hospital efficiency, Data Envelopment Analyses, Public hospital.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.How to cite this article: Soares AB, Pereira AA, Milagre ST. A model for multidimensional efficiency analysis of public hospital management.

RESUMOCom o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia do modelo Z'' score de Altman (2002), esse estudo buscou avaliar empiricamente o desempenho econômico-financeiro das empresas do segmento aeroviário brasileiro, de 2005 a 2010, utilizando aquela técnica de análise discriminante e a tabela de ratings Standard & Poor's. Além de ratificar a eficácia do modelo Z'' score aplicado ao setor alvo desse estudo, entre outros resultados, essa investigação identificou que as empresas TAM e Gol apresentaram os melhores desempenhos dentre as empresas daquele segmento, o que permitiu sua recuperação econômico-financeira, em relação à crise econômica de 2008, já em 2009. Também foi observado que 60% das empresas analisadas alcançaram um rating médio CCC+, o que traduz uma vulnerabilidade a riscos de inadimplência, sendo que um terço das empresas integrantes da amostra de pesquisa apresentavam ratings superiores ao CCC+ antes da crise de 2008. Além disso, essa investigação constatou que as variáveis externas relacionadas àquela crise influenciaram significativamente, de forma negativa, os resultados econômico-financeiros de todas as empresas aéreas analisadas nessa investigação, o que contraria os resultados de alguns estudos anteriores que afirmaram que a situação econômica doméstica é mais impactante na situação econômico-financeira das empresas do segmento aeroviário brasileiro. It was also observed that 60% of the companies analyzed have achieved an average rating of CCC+, which reflects a vulnerability to default risks, given that a third of the companies in the survey sample had ratings higher than CCC + before the 2008 crisis. The research also found that external variables related to that crisis had a significant negative impact on the economic and financial results of all the airline companies analyzed in this study, contradicting the results of some previous studies, which report that the domestic economic situation has more impact on the economic and financial situation of companies in the Brazilian air transportation sector. PAlAVRAS KeywoRdS:Risk. Modeling. Bankruptcy. RESUMENCon el objetivo de valorar la eficacia del modelo Z'' score de Altman (2002), este estudio intentó evaluar empíricamente el desempeño económico financiero de las empresas del segmento aéreo brasileño de 2005 a 2010, utilizando la técnica de análisis discriminante y la tabla de ratings Standard & Poor's. Además de ratificar la eficacia del modelo Z'' score aplicado al sector de este estudio, esta investigación identificó, entre otros resultados, que las empresas TAM y Gol presentaron los mejores desempeños entre las empresas de dicho segmento, lo que permitió su recuperación económico financiera ya en 2009, en relación a la crisis económica de 2008. También se observó que el 60% de las empresas analizadas alcanzaron un rating medio CCC+, lo que traduce una vulnerabilidad a riesgos de insolvencia, considerando que un tercio de las empresas integrantes de la muestra de investigación presentaban ratings superiores al CCC+ antes de la crisis de 2008. Además...

RESUMEN:En la Industria Farmacéutica la calidad de los productos es un elemento fundamental, porque lautilización de éstos interacciona con la salud de un paciente; la idea es que dicha interacción siempre sea de forma beneficiosa. Existen numerosos controles de la calidad para que el producto, cumpla con sus estándares y criterios de aceptación. Enlínea con lo anteriormente expuesto nace la Validación de los Procesos de Manufactura (VPM) para garantizar que el proceso sea capaz de generar, deforma reproducible en el tiempo, medicamentos que cumplen con sus estándares de calidad. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la situación actual del área de Validación de una empresa Farmacéutica Venezolana a través del análisis FODA, para crear o reajustar estrategias de gestión que permitan mayor cumplimiento del Plan Maestro de Validación (PMV).para asegurar la calidad de los productos farmacéuticos.La investigación fue experimental, con muestreo de campo y a su vez con un diseño documental cualitativo -descriptivo del comportamiento del área de validación bajo estudio. Para ello se aplicó la técnica de Tormenta de Ideas para aprovechar al máximo los aportes del grupo de personas que participaron en el proyecto. Las conclusiones se orientan a la importancia de aplicar el enfoque DOFA como práctica gerencial para garantizar el cumplimiento anual del VPM en la industria farmacêutica.PALABRAS CLAVE: análisis DOFA; gerencia estratégica; planeación estratégica. ABSTRACT:In the pharmaceutical industry the quality of products is a key element, because the use of these interacts with the health of a patient, the idea is that the interaction is always beneficially. There are numerous quality controls so that the product meets your standards and acceptance criteria. In line with the above born Validation of Manufacturing Processes (VPM) to ensure that the process is able to generate reproducibly in time, drugs that meet their quality standards. The objective of this research is to assess the current situation in the area of Pharmaceutical Validation of a Venezuelan company through SWOT analysis, to create or adjust management strategies that enable greater compliance Validation Master (PMV) Plan. Ensuring quality pharmaceuticals. The investigation was experimental, with field sampling and in turn to a qualitative design documentary -descriptive behavioral validation area under study. This technique was applied Brainstorming to maximize the contributions of the group of people who participated in the project. The findings are focused on the importance of applying the SWOT approach as a management practice to ensure compliance with the annual VPM in the pharmaceutical industry.