Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic marine pathogen that can cause fatal septicemic disease in both humans and eels (Gulig, Bourdage, & Starks, 2005;Morris, 1988). Human infections are generally associated with eating contaminated seafood or through open wounds that are exposed to contaminated seawater (Linkous & Oliver, 1999;Strom & Paranjpye, 2000). Fatal primary septicemia can progress rapidly, resulting in a mortality rate of >50% within days. In humans, V. vulnificus preferentially infects those who have pre-existing conditions associated with elevated iron levels, including cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, and thalassemia (Gulig et al., 2005).Vibrio vulnificus strains are divided into three biotypes: 1, 2, and 3. Biotypes 1 and 3 are known as opportunistic pathogens in humans while the Biotype 2 is primarily an eel pathogen, and only particular isolates have been implicated in human infection (
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