This article shows Russian point of view on the evolution of Eurasian integration as related to plans to create a Eurasian economic entity based on the EurAsEC model that began with the creation of the Customs Union and Common Economic Space. The article analyzes the legal theory of Russian authors of EurAsEC, based on a review of this integration and the legal documents of this process. The article details the institutional mechanism of the functioning of Eurasian integration and its legal characteristics, and gives a short legal history. The article shows that integration of post-Soviet countries based on EurAsEC is more successful than integration based on the CIS model despite the lack of supranational power of the institutions of EurAsEC.
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the institutional forms of regional scientific and technical cooperation in such integration associations as the SCO and ASEAN. The founding documents of the SCO (the Charter of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization) and ASEAN (n the Declaration on the Establishment of ASEAN) define scientific and technical cooperation as one of the tasks of these regional organizations. The authors proceed from the fact that overcoming the obstacles to the development of modern society is unthinkable without reliance on scientific and technological progress, and therefore a joint search for solutions to problems that already exist today and may arise in the 21st century is necessary. The expansion of cooperation in the field of science and technology within the framework of the SCO has been defined as one of the areas of cooperation and an institutional mechanism for the interaction of member states has been created, in which a permanent working group on scientific and technical cooperation holds an important place. One of the significant results in creating the material base for joint research is the SCO University (SCOU). Its main goal is to give a new impetus to the expansion of multilateral educational, scientific and cultural cooperation. The article notes that ASEAN's scientific and technical research is not limited to internal projects. A significant role in the development of this area is played by documents and institutions in which Russia is involved
The technological and social expansion of the personal data use including the possibility of their cross-border transfer and exchange increases the risks of their unfair use. The consistency and coherence in resolving issues on legal regulation of relations in the field of personal data protection are demonstrated by the European Union and its member states. Ensuring a uniform and consistent legal regulation at the level of the European Union largely depends on the actions of EU Member States to adopt national laws to implement the European approach, as well as their active participation in the development of new legal acts, the adoption of which is planned at the final stage of the legal regulation reform of protection personal data in the Union. This raises the question of how much the rules of individual states diverge since this significantly affects the practice of applying the common European law on the protection of personal data. Indeed, when introducing the relevant provisions in their legislation, EU countries went in different ways [1]. This paper discusses the approach to the protection of personal data that was used in France
Situations when legal framework overlaps with the other areas sometimes rise the important questions. The age assessment is one of those areas where medical age determination directly affects human rights. A public entity uses a person's age to determine the age of a person in the absence of legal evidence. Medical age assessment applies more frequently in the asylum cases when unaccompanied minors arrive in a country where he/she seeks asylum. It is claimed that minors might not be fully honest concerning their age as being minor ease the application process. This is one of the reasons why medical assessment is required. However, often the assessment is not correct, and minors are declared of the full legal age. In addition, ways the medical assessment is carries could violate the rights per se. Therefore, often minors being surrendered or deported to the countries where the risks exist in reversal of the principle of no refund.
"Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights” are the first universally recognized global international standard in the field of human rights and business. In accordance with them, transnational corporations and other enterprises are obliged to comply with the national laws of states and respect internationally recognized human rights while carrying out their business activities. On 16 June 2011, the Human Rights Council unanimously endorsed the Guidelines in its resolution 17/4, “Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Enterprises,” setting a universal standard for protecting human rights from the adverse effects of transnational corporations and other enterprises. However, in accordance with the doctrine of international law, corporations do not have an international legal personality and their obligations to respect human rights are only voluntary in nature, and therefore, the main obligation to ensure the protection of human rights lies with states. One of the ways to implement international standards in the field of business and human rights in practice is the development by States of National Action Plans. This paper is devoted, firstly, to a summary of the main ideas of the “Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights” as an international legal standard in the field of human rights. Secondly, to consider the role of National Action Plans in the implementation of the Guidelines in EU countries. Thirdly, a review of existing practices for the implementation of these principles by EU states using National Action Plans
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