Background: Healthcare providers were faced daily with many decision-making that impacted patients' safety. According to dual process theory, there were two types of thinking: Experiential style (ES) and Rational Style (RS). Both thinking styles had an impact on individuals' decisions making. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find out nurses' and physicians' styles of thinking and how this impacted patients' safety. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Nurses and physicians sample of adults (n = 308), 190 (61.7%) of the sample were nurses and 118 (38.3%) of the sample were physicians. Participants completed a self-report online survey, which included demographic information followed by questionnaires to measure thinking style and a cognitive puzzle to see if the medical error was associated with certain styles of thinking. Results: The main findings were that nurses (M = 2.41, SD = 0.37) had significantly higher scores compared to physicians (M = 2.29, SD = 0.39) in their ES, t(305) = 2.73, p = 0.007; with medium effect size, d = 0.37692. Conclusion: Nurses differed from physicians in ES where nurses had a significantly higher score than physicians which could be positive for patients' safety as higher ES would report errors compared to lower ES.

Background: Emotional Intelligence (EI) and style of thinking (Rational style, RS and Experiential style, ES) are stable constructs that could be used to highlight how we think and behave, which is extremely important, especially in the healthcare sector, as it is complex and human-dependent. This study explored the EI and style of thinking of Saudi residents together with demographic data to see how they could relate and the implications of this on residents and patient safety. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Methods: A sample (of 245) with different specialty backgrounds was used. Participants completed an online self-report survey, which included demographic information, followed by questionnaires to measure their thinking style and emotional Intelligence. Results: The main findings were a positive and significant correlation between RS and EI: rs = .482, n = 245, p < .001, and a positive and significant correlation between ES and EI: rs = .326, n = 245, p < .001. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between error rate and RS style of thinking: H (1) = 7.597, p = .006, and a significant relationship between error rate and EI: U = 5619.000, z = −3.387, p < .001. Conclusion: Medical Organizations could benefit from assessing their healthcare workers' EI and thinking style to understand their differences and behaviors toward healthier workers and better patient care outcomes.

Background: This study explored nursing personality traits (Big Five Inventory BFI), emotional intelligence (EI), and thinking styles (Rational, RS, and Experiential, ES) together with demographic data to see how they could relate and the implication of this on nurses and patient safety. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Nursing sample (n = 435). Participants completed a self-report online survey, which included demographic information, followed by questionnaires to measure personality traits, thinking styles, and emotional intelligence. Results: Spearman's rank correlation was computed to assess the relationship between EI and Extraversion; there was a moderate positive correlation between the two variables, r = 0.487, p < 0.001. Spearman's rank correlation was computed to assess the relationship between EI and Agreeableness, and there was a strong positive correlation between the two variables, r = 0.731, p < 0.001. Spearman's rank correlation was computed to assess the re-How to cite this paper: Bataweel, A.O.