64 items were obtained, with two versions in Spanish and English. The future BOS aims to provide a possible solution to the shortage of valid instruments to evaluate psychological features of orthorexia and to promote research on this field. Further analysis regarding validity and reliability is necessary to prove the BOS' value on this matter.

There is evidence that virtual reality (VR) pain distraction is effective at improving pain-related outcomes. However, more research is needed to investigate VR environments with other pain-related goals. The main aim of this study was to compare the differential effects of two VR environments on a set of pain-related and cognitive variables during a cold pressor experiment. One of these environments aimed to distract attention away from pain (VRD), whereas the other was designed to enhance pain control (VRC). Participants were 77 psychology students, who were randomly assigned to one of the following three conditions during the cold pressor experiment: (a) VRD, (b) VRC, or (c) Non-VR (control condition). Data were collected regarding both pain-related variables (intensity, tolerance, threshold, time perception, and pain sensitivity range) and cognitive variables (self-efficacy and catastrophizing). Results showed that in comparison with the control condition, the VRC intervention significantly increased pain tolerance, the pain sensitivity range, and the degree of time underestimation. It also increased self-efficacy in tolerating pain and led to a reduction in reported helplessness. The VRD intervention significantly increased the pain threshold and pain tolerance in comparison with the control condition, but it did not affect any of the cognitive variables. Overall, the intervention designed to enhance control seems to have a greater effect on the cognitive variables assessed. Although these results need to be replicated in further studies, the findings suggest that the VRC intervention has considerable potential in terms of increasing self-efficacy and modifying the negative thoughts that commonly accompany pain problems.

A cultural hypothesis is presented in an attempt to account for the low percentage of variance of bodily factor explained by intropunitive avoidance and emphasis is placed on the need for prevention programs for adolescents, particularly those at risk.

The main goal of this study was to analyse the relationship between coping styles and the predisposition to eating disorders in a sample of adolescent boys. The sample comprised 171 males (mean age 15.74 years) and the questionnaires used were the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS). The results indicated that self-blame, a scale of the dimension intropunitive avoidance, characterized by self-blaming excessively in the face of problems, was the strategy most closely linked to the predisposition to eating disorders. This scale accounted for 18 per cent of the variance of the total score of the EDI-2, 11 per cent of the drive for thinness and 10 per cent of the body dissatisfaction. Several hypotheses are presented in an attempt to account for the differences between the results of this study and those obtained by studies carried out with adolescent girls. Finally, the need for prevention programmes for adolescents, in particular in groups at risk, is emphasized.

Objectives: To analyze the dimensionality of three versions of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) in adolescent girls. Method: The sample comprised 738 participants. The Spanish adaptation of the EDI-2 was used. The EDI-2 contains the 64 items of EDI and has the same items as EDI-3. The dimensional structures hypothesized by Garner for the three EDI versions were assessed via a series of Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFAs). Results: The CFA did not confirm Garner's proposed structure in any of the three versions. Consequently it was decided to perform Exploratory Factor Analyses (EFA) of the EDI-2 and the EDI-3 to try to indentify the underlying structure. The best theoretical and empirical fit was provided by a 7-factor structure. Discussion: This article presents a shortened version of the EDI-2 which may prove more suitable for use with adolescent girls in the general population than the original questionnaire. Certain practical suggestions for optimizing the use of the different versions of the EDI are also presented.