Previous research indicates that power increases attention to stereotype-consistent information. The ecological validity of this hypothesis was tested in managers and subordinates in the hotel industry. Participants were presented with stereotype-consistent and stereotype-inconsistent information about an ingroup or outgroup target, and their task was to judge the suitability of the target for a job that was either consistent or inconsistent with the stereotype. Subordinates attended more to individuating information and paid overall more attention to social information than managers. In addition, the managers’ judgments of the suitability of the outgroup target were dependent on the stereotype consistency of the job, whereas the subordinates’ judgments were not. These findings are consistent with experimental research and shed light on the conditions that promote stereotyping and discrimination.

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Tobacco smoking continues to pose negative health consequences for smokers and their families and is the single greatest cause of health inequalities in the UK. Older people are particularly vulnerable to the negative health impacts of smoking and therefore, supporting older smokers to quit remains an important public health goal. Community nurses are required to help patients to lead healthier lifestyles and have ideal opportunities to encourage smoking cessation in older people who are affected by smoking-related health conditions, or whose existing conditions may be exacerbated by continued smoking. This paper discusses how community nurses can support their older patients to quit smoking by fostering a patient-centred partnership through good communication and empathy. The newly de eloped Ve B ief Ad i e o " oki g VBA i te e tio s can provide a useful tool for community nurses who experience time constraints to advise older people that psychosocial support with treatment is the most effective method of smoking cessation, whilst respecting the health decisions of patients. INTRODUCTIONTobacco smoking continues to be the single greatest cause of preventable illness and cause of inequalities in death rates between the richest and the poorest groups of people in the UK (Public Health England, 2015). Smoking-related illnesses pose enormous financial burdens to the NHS and the wider society, which are estimated at £2.7 billion and £13.74 billion respectively (Department of Health (DH), 2011). Helping people to quit smoking is one of the si ke st a ds of Go e e t a tio outli ed i the Depa t e t of Health s Tobacco Control Plan for England.Although the average smoking prevalence in the UK continues to fall, an estimated 19% of people in Great Britain continue to smoke equating to 9.6 million individuals, of which 11% 2 are aged 60 years and over (Action on Smoking and Health (ASH), 2016). As the proportion of the population aged 65 years and over is projected to rise to 23% by the year 2035 (Office for National Statistics, 2012) and there is a continuing rise in chronic diseases attributed to unhealthy lifestyles, the public health sphere is placing an increasing focus on the importance of responding to the health needs of older people within community settings (DH, 2013). This paper aims to discuss the importance of smoking cessation to the health of the older person and provide guidance for community nurses who are supporting their patients to quit. It argues that community nurses play a vital role in supporting older people to make successful attempts to quit smoking, through developing effective, patient-centred partnerships. SMOKING AND THE HEALTH OF THE OLDER PERSONThere is a wealth of evidence detailing the negative health consequences of tobacco smoking for older smokers and non-smoking family members through exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). Tobacco smoking contains more than 7,000 chemicals, many of which are associated with negative health consequences for most of the organ systems within the b...

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Supporting patients to manage chronic pain conditions, such as fibromyalgia (FM), remains a challenge for community nurses. Research suggests that despite the absence of a licensed cannabis-based product for medicinal use (CBPM) available for people with FM in the UK, there is an appetite for FM patients to use cannabis for pain management. Nurses have expressed anxieties when balancing tensions between helping patients and working within medical guidelines, as well as a need for further education about patient cannabis use. This article provides community nurses with insight into how cannabis use affects the pain experience for people living with FM. Despite potential harms, cannabis is perceived by users to have a positive impact on the lived experience of pain, and it may be preferred to prescribed opioid medication. This understanding can help to inform empathic practice and recommendations are made for reducing the risks of cannabis use to patient health.