Objective: To identify the factors associated with smoking experimentation and initiation among adolescent students (11-14 years of age). Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based study involving adolescent (middle and high school) students at public and private schools in the city of Salvador, Brazil. A multiple-stage sampling protocol was used. The participants completed an anonymous, voluntary, self-report questionnaire. The dependent variables were age at smoking experimentation and smoking initiation. Sociodemographic and educational variables, as well as those related to media influence and alcohol consumption, were considered independent variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed, followed by analysis of the fit of the final logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of smoking experimentation was 16.1% (95% CI: 15.1-17.2). Of the 5,347 students evaluated, 757 had experimented with cigarettes, and 462 (61.2%) of those 757 had done so before the age of 15 (mean age at smoking experimentation, 13.9 ± 1.8 years). Smoking initiation was associated with paternal smoking (OR = 1.53; 83% CI = 1.07-2.19) and with media influence (OR = 2.43; 83% CI: 1.46-4.04).Smoking experimentation was associated with alcohol consumption (OR = 6.04; 83% CI: 4.62-7.88), having friends who smoke (OR = 3.18; 83% CI: 2.54-3.99), having a boyfriend/girlfriend who smokes (OR = 3.42; 83% CI: 1.78-6.56), and coercive/aggressive educational interventions by the parents (OR = 1.60; 83% CI: 1.26-2.04). Conclusions: Alcohol consumption and the influence of peers and relatives who smoke showed a strong association with smoking experimentation. Paternal smoking and media influence were found to increase the chances of adolescent smoking. Keywords:Smoking; Adolescence; Health education; Cross-sectional studies; Epidemiologic factors; Brazil. ResumoObjetivo: Identificar os fatores associados à experimentação do cigarro e ao início precoce do tabagismo por adolescentes escolares (11-14 anos). Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional com adolescentes escolares (ensino fundamental e médio) de escolas públicas e particulares de Salvador, Bahia. Foi utilizado um protocolo de amostragem em múltiplos estágios. Os participantes da pesquisa responderam a um questionário anônimo, de preenchimento voluntário e autoaplicável. As variáveis dependentes foram o uso experimental do cigarro e o início precoce do tabagismo. Variáveis sociodemográficas, educacionais, relacionadas à influência da mídia e ao consumo de álcool foram consideradas variáveis independentes. Foi realizada a análise de regressão logística multivariada, seguida da análise da adequação do modelo de regressão logística final. Resultados: A prevalência de experimentação do cigarro foi de 16,1% (IC95%: 15,1-17,2). Dos 5.347 alunos avaliados, 757 experimentaram cigarros, e 462 (61,2%) desses 757 o fizeram antes dos 15 anos de idade (média de idade de experimentação de cigarros, 13,9 ± 1,8 anos). O início precoce do tabagismo associou-se com o t...
Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência e fatores de risco ao tabagismo entre estudantes de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. Método: Corte transversal com 781 estudantes de 16 escolas. Para a análise estatística utilizou-se o sistema computacional R, teste qui-quadrado e regressão logística. Resultados: A prevalência de fumadores foi de 9,8%; a experimentação, 31,2%; fumadores atuais 6%; ex-fumadores 4,6%; expostos ao fumo ambiental, 68%. Fatores de risco: conviver com fumadores, ser indiferente ao controlo da venda, considerar desnecessário o aumento da fiscalização e observar menores a comprar cigarros. Conclusão: As prevalências não apresentaram redução, contrariando a tendência observada nas últimas décadas no Brasil. Os fatores de risco estão ligados ao convívio com fumadores e à falha na prevenção e cumprimento das leis de proteção dirigidas aos adolescentes.
The questionnaire reliability was found to be satisfactory in the population studied.
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