No abstract

Fibrocartilaginous embolism of the spinal cord is considered a rare ischemic vascular syndrome [1][2][3][4], though some authors believe it to be underdiagnosed. It results in abrupt onset and rapidly progressive sensory, motor and autonomic neurologic deficits.This paper reports a case of a teenage patient presenting with sudden onset rapidly progressive back pain associated with paraparesthesia, paraparesis and urinary retention after physical exertion. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test led to a presumptive diagnosis of spinal cord fibrocartilaginous embolism.

Congenital microcephaly with simplified gyral pattern has been well documented in the literature. It is characterized by a head circumference of less than two standard deviations for age associated with abnormal sulcation. In its mild presentation, this entity is usually described as an isolated anomaly. It presumably results from a brain insult associated with hypoxic–ischemic damage, intracranial infection, or metabolic disease. Rhombencephalosynapsis is a rare condition usually consisting of vermian agenesis or severe hypogenesis, fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres, and apposition or fusion of the dentate nuclei. There are several recent studies focusing on each one of those entities individually, but they do not show any correlation/association between the two of them. This is a case report of an 8-year-old child with neurodevelopmental delay who had episodes of seizures up to 3 years of age. An MRI scan showed marked craniofacial disproportion with dominance of the face over the skull, simplified gyral pattern associated with hypogenesis of the cerebellar vermis, and communication of the folia in the posterior segments of the cerebellar hemispheres. In this case report, we will briefly discuss cerebellar embryology and the process of cortical differentiation, as well as possible associations between rhombencephalosynapsis and other brain abnormalities.

Introduction: The assessment of cancer patients is of great clinical and radiological complexity. Distinguishing between neoplastic tissue infiltration and indirect lesions is key for correct local staging. Methods: Discussion of extrinsic (metastatic) peripheral neuropathy and muscular (multifidus) denervation cases, mainly based on MRI. Results: Precise anatomic correlation between vertebral metastases, neural compression/infiltration and selective muscular denervation. Conclusion: MRI imaging enables highly accurate differentiation between muscular neoplastic infiltration and edemas resulting from secondary peripheral neuropathy.

This article presents a case report with presumed diagnosis of idiopathic carotidynia (clinical, radiological and laboratory findings). Serial imaging exams (Doppler ultrasonography, MRI and angio-MRI) and laboratory follow-up documented the patient response to corticotherapy and its complete resolution. Within a longstanding discussion in the literature about the definition of carotidynia, our findings corroborate with its existence as a pathological disease.