Flooding is a stressful condition that causes damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, negatively affecting the growth of seedlings of fruit species, including Hymenaea courbaril L. Studies on physiological management, such as exogenous application of phytohormones, to alleviate abiotic stress have increased. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) on H. courbaril seedlings subjected to flooding. The seedlings received foliar application of four concentrations of SA (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg L-1) and were subjected to two water regimes: a) control - non-flooded and irrigated daily and b) flooded - seedlings were placed in a plastic pool, keeping the water depth at ± 5.0 cm above the substrate level. After 35 days, we evaluated the gas exchange, initial growth, quality, and potential ecological resilience of the seedlings. All flooded seedlings survived, but had reduced photosynthesis, carboxylation of Rubisco efficiency, and water-use and stomatal conductance when they received 100-300 mg L-1 SA. The seedlings that received between 100 and 300 mg L-1 SA had greater growth, quality, and phenotypic plasticity. Foliar application of SA did not mitigated the effect of flooding on gas exchange but contributed to the growth of H. courbaril seedlings.

A Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (Myrtaceae) é uma espécie nativa do Cerrado, com potencial medicinal e alimentício. Portanto, é necessário seu cultivo ex situ; porém, são incipientes os estudos na fase de crescimento de mudas da espécie com uso de biofertilizantes. Todavia, não há informações sobre a quantidade adequada desse material para mudas da espécie. Assim, objetivou-se conhecer o efeito do bokashi nos aspectos morfométricos e fotoquímicos em mudas de C. adamantium. Avaliaram-se cinco doses de bokashi (0,0; 5,0; 10,0; 15,0 e 20,0 g kg-1 de solo), incorporadas a um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico, de textura argilosa. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, e 20 mudas por unidade experimental. Houve mortalidade de 100% das mudas produzidas com 20 g de bokashi. A sobrevivência e Fv/F0 reduziram em função de doses crescentes de bokashi. O diâmetro do coleto máximo foi observado nas mudas cultivadas em solo com adição de 6,48 g de bokashi. Verificou-se crescimento do CML e LML com doses crescentes de bokashi. A adição de bokashi favorece as características morfométricas, mas acima de 15 g de bokashi é prejudicial na produção de mudas de C. adamantium.Palavras-chave: biofertilizante, frutífera nativa, planta medicinal, Myrtaceae. BOKASHI ON SEEDLINGS OF Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg: MORPHOMETRIC AND PHOTOCHEMICAL ASPECTS ABSTRACT: The Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (Myrtaceae) is specie native to the ‘Cerrado’, with medicinal and food potential. Therefore, it’s necessary ex situ cultivation; however, the studies in growth phase of seedlings of the species with use of biofertilisers are incipient. However, there isn’t information on adequate amount of this material for seedlings of the species. Thus, objective was to know the effect of bokashi on morphometric and photochemical aspects in C. adamantium seedlings. Five doses of bokashi (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 g kg-1 soil), added in a Dystroferric Red Latosol, of clay texture, were evaluated. The experimental design was in randomized block, with four replicates, 20 seedlings per experimental unit. There was mortality of 100% of the seedlings produced with 20 g bokashi. Survival and Fv/F0 decreased as a function of increasing doses of bokashi. The maximum collar diameter was  observed in seedlings cultivated in soil with addition of 6.48 g bokashi. There was growth of CML and LML with increasing doses of bokashi. The addition of bokashi favors the morphometric characteristics, but above 15 g bokashi is harmful in the production of C. adamantium seedlings. Keywords: biofertilisers, native fruits, medicinal plant, Myrtaceae.

Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg seeds (guavira) are recalcitrant and rapidly lose viability upon removal from the fruit, making difficult the long-term storage. In vitro germination could be used as an important tool to overcome the issues related to this short viability. It might help seed conservation and species propagation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro germination of guavira seeds collected from different sites and stored under different conditions. Also, the sowing of these seeds in MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) was evaluated. Seeds from the local garden were treated with: 0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0 mg L -1 GA 3 . Seeds from a local farmer's market were treated with: 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10 mg L -1 GA 3 . We evaluated the germination rate, the average length of the shoot and main root, and the number of leaves. The C. adamantium seeds were sown immediately after harvest and treated with GA 3 , regardless concentration, increased germination rate by at least 10%, whereas 1.0 mg L -1 GA 3 resulted in 100% germination. The shoot length increased linearly with increasing concentration of the growth regulator. Different concentrations of GA 3 had no effect on the development of the main root and leaves. Seeds acquired from a local farmer's market showed lower germination rate than those sown immediately after harvesting, and did not differ in the rate of germination under different treatments with GA 3 . Furthermore, around 25% of those seedlings had abnormal leaf morphology. C. adamantium seeds stored at 4°C and -20°C for 60 days did not germinate successfully, suggesting that seeds under cold storage conditions cannot be used for germplasm purposes.

Information on the physiological responses of native plants from the Brazilian Cerrado regarding the use of chicken manure and luminosities are important for their silvicultural management. Thus, aimed to evaluate the effect of chicken manure and luminous availability on the photosynthetic metabolism of Alibertia edulis (Rich) A. Rich. The experiment was carried out in pots, testing five doses of chicken manure -CM (0.00, 2.08, 4.16, 6.24 and 8.32 g kg -1 ) incorporated at Dystroferric Red Latosol, and two luminous environmental (full sun and 50% shaded). The higher CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and carboxylation efficiency of Rubisco occurred in seedlings grown in full sun. The seedlings showed higher photochemical indicators in photosystem II in the shaded and with addition of 8.32 g kg -1 of CM. The intercellular CO2 concentration in leaves was lower with addition of 5.55 g kg -1 of CM. The leaves presented larger stomatal dimensions under shaded. The cultivation of A. edulis in full sun and the addition of about 4.16 g kg -1 of CM favored greater stomatal regulation and CO2 assimilation.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of types of cuttings and light intensity on cidró vegetative propagation. Place and Duration of Study: Medicinal Plants Garden, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, September to November 2016. Methodology: The experiment was carried out under two light conditions (shaded and full light), evaluating three types of cuttings (softwood, semi-hardwood and hardwood). Experimental design was a 2 x 3 factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Results: Hardwood cuttings showed the highest survival rates (86% and 82%), regardless of light. Highest fresh weight (0.6062 g plant-1) and dry mass (0.2987 g plant-1) with a leaf of 44.57 cm2 were from hardwood cuttings, regardless of the light, while the longest root length were those of softwood cuttings under full light. Physiological indices varied as a function of light intensity, The highest values of leaf area ratio (46.11 cm2 g-1) and specific leaf mass (0.0037 g cm-2) occurred in cuttings under full light. Conclusion: The vegetative propagation of cidró can be carried out using the hardwood portion of the cutting branch, under full light.