RESUMO O objetivo do projeto é estimular a produção de camarões através do repasse de tecnologia e acompanhamento da produção pela equipe do Laboratório de Carcinicultura da UFPR-Setor Palotina. Anualmente, é ministrado um curso de extensão teórico/prático, onde é fornecido material didático. Os resultados vem demonstraram a viabilidade da produção em sistemas de monocultivo e policultivo, com índices de produtividade de acordo com os melhores resultados alcançados na atividade.
Macrobrachium amazonicum is the native freshwater prawn species with the greatest potential for captive production in Brazil. The stable isotope carbon and nitrogen technique (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) is efficient to determine the contribution of different food sources to a given organism. We used this technique to estimate the contribution of the food sources in the biomass gain of M. amazonicum. Fish fillets were used to determine the isotopic fractionation between juveniles of M. amazonicum and a standard food source. Juvenile M. amazonicum were submitted to four treatments with different food availability to determine their contributions; T1: without soil substrate and with feed supply; T2: without soil substrate and feed supply; T3: with soil substrate, feed supply and addition of an aquatic macrophyte (Elodea sp.); and, T4: with soil substrate, aquatic macrophytes and without feed supply. Periphyton, plankton and precipitated organic material were present in all treatments. The isotopic fractionation was 0.57 ± 0.07 (carbon) and 2.14 ± 0.18 (nitrogen). The prawn fed with ration presented growth 2.4 and 2.82 times higher in the treatments without substrate (T1) and with substrate and macrophytes (T3), respectively. The contribution of the food sources reinforces omnivore in prawn. The benthic organisms and feed supply were fundamental for the better growth performance of M. amazonicum. Estimating the effective contributions of food sources can help in developing diets more adequate for the species, increasing productivity, reducing costs and reducing the environmental impact of waste substances.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of amazon prawn, Macrobrachium amazonicum, fed practical diets containing increasing levels of crude protein. Experimental design followed a complete randomized distribution, with five treatments and six replicates. The treatments are equivalent to crude protein levels, dry matter basis, in the diet: 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 g kg - 1. Experimental units were into a recirculation system with mechanical and biological filter to keep the water quality within the suitable range for prawn culture. At the end of the trial mean prawn survival ranged from 84.8 to 91.3 % without significant differences among treatments (p> 0.05). Results show a quadratic growth for final weight, weight gain, final length and length growth, with the increase of crude protein levels in the diet. Prawn fed diets with 370 and 348 g kg -1 achieved significant higher weight gain and length growth, respectively (p < 0.05). The body composition of amazon prawns was influenced by crude protein levels in the diet, in which the level of 350 g kg -1 caused an increase in moisture content and reduction in crude protein deposition (p <0.05) compared to the level of 200 g kg -1 . The recommended crude protein level in the diet of M. amazonicum juveniles is 370 g kg -1. Key words: aquaculture; body composition; growth; energy:protein ratio; nutrition. RESUMOO objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o desempenho do camarão-da-amazônia, Macrobrachium amazonicum, alimentado com dietas práticas contendo níveis crescentes de proteína bruta. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos avaliados corresponderam aos seguintes níveis de proteína bruta, com base na matéria seca, na dieta: 200, 250, 300, 350 e 400 g kg -1 . As unidades experimentais estavam em um sistema de recirculação com filtro mecânico e biológico, de modo a manter a qualidade da água em níveis adequados para o cultivo de camarões. Ao final do experimento, a sobrevivência média variou de 84,8 a 91,3%, não sendo observadas diferenças entre os tratamentos (p>0,05). Os resultados demonstram um crescimento quadrático para peso final, ganho de peso, comprimento final e crescimento em comprimento com o aumento dos níveis de proteína bruta na dieta. Os juvenis alimentados com dietas contendo 370 e 348 g kg -1 de proteína bruta alcançaram maior ganho de peso e crescimento em comprimento, respectivamente (p <0,05). A composição corporal dos camarões-da-amazônia foi influenciada pelos níveis de proteína bruta na dieta, em que o nível de 350 g kg -1 causou aumento nos teores de umidade e redução na deposição de proteína bruta (p <0,05) comparado com o nível de 200 g kg -1 . Recomenda-se o fornecimento de 370 g de proteína bruta por kg de dieta para juvenis de M. amazonicum.
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