No abstract

The paper proposes fuzzy logic model that deals with the physico-chemical water analysis of ground water of Chikhli town for determination of Water Quality Index (WQI). The study was carried by collection of ground water samples from about eleven hand pumps located in this town. Ground water quality is studied by systematic collection and analysis of samples. The fuzzy logic is used for the deciding the water quality index on the basis of which, water quality rankings are given to determine the quality of water. The Water Quality Index presented here is a unitless number ranging from 1 to 10. A higher number is indicative of better water quality. Around 81% of samples were found suitable for drinking purpose. It is also observed that all the parameters fall within the permissible limits laid by WHO, ISI, and ICMR, except Total Hardness, Calcium and Magnesium. The quality parameters were compared with standards laid by the World Health Organization (WHO), Indian Standards Institute (ISI) and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for drinking water quality.

No abstract

Energy resource planning in rural is a powerful tool for sustainable development. A fuzzy goal programming approach is used for rural energy resource allocation for heating and cooking. The detail survey has been conducted to determine the potential of biogas and biomass and to find energy consumption pattern in the four villages of Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India. Four fuzzy objective functions and six constrains, based on the local availability are considered in this model. Four scenarios have been developed which are equal priority, cost priority, emission priority and local resources priority. Due to vast uncertainty in energy data at micro level, fuzzy goal approach has been found suitable to take into consideration the variation in energy consumption rate. The proposed model can provide the best possible options for micro-level energy planning to the decision maker. Optimized use of energy resources is therefore, the important strategy for sustainable energy development.

Renewable energy comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished) forms of energy. One of the most notable features of renewable forms of energy is the diversity of technologies and resources. The prominent advantages of renewable energy sources are perennial, available locally, do not need elaborate arrangements for transport, usually modular in nature, environment‐friendly, suited for decentralized applications and use in remote areas, and so on. Renewable technology choices can be made on the basis of their adoption at the building integrated or community level. The density of development also plays an important role in technology selection. This article introduces various available forms of renewable energy and their applications.