Maintenance of a bridge structure is still the main issue in Indonesia due to the high cost of maintaining the elastomeric bearing especially in the remote area. Integral abutment bridges are becoming popular because the elastomeric bearings are eliminated, which can reduce the maintenance costs. Pre-bored pile foundation system is a typical foundation for integral bridge abutment to supports lateral displacement due to thermal expansion of the girder bridge. Pre-bored pile foundation system can be used to increase the pile flexibility using a pre-bored hole that filled with elastic materials such as bentonite slurry, loose sand or gravel. Some of the integral abutment bridges foundation design has proposed, but the previous studies only focus on the structural system, the soil characteristic behavior and soil response due to this system are still rarely explained. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the effects of cyclic loads on the filler material inside the prebored ring. The soil behavior for ground soil and filler material due to cyclic lateral loading were performed using macro-scale testing. In this paper, a series of two-way lateral cyclic loading tests were performed to evaluate the effect of slow cyclic lateral loading on the filler material behavior of the pre-bored pile foundation system. The experimental setup is explained in details, and the results are presented in the form of normalized bending moment and maximum lateral capacity charts against the number of cycles. Moreover, the densification effect of the filler material inside the pre-bored system due to the cyclic loading was evaluated.
Slope failure in the well site area in Aceh, Indonesia caused the termination of gas distribution and resulted in financial loss. Based on the visual observation, the slope failed due to the high intensity of rainfall, which influenced the reduction of soil shear strength of the slope embankment. Moreover, the slope reinforcement has been damaged due to the collapsed trees on the slope embankment. Slope stability analysis was carried out by using a two-dimensional (2D) numerical method in several section areas to determine the appropriate slope reinforcement or countermeasures. Based on the 2D slope stability analysis, the Building Information Modeling (BIM) was performed by using a 3D projection drawing to evaluate the detailed information of the area which was applied by the countermeasures system. This method describes the total area and material quantity covered by the countermeasure system to determine the information material quantity and land acquisition area. Furthermore, the implementation of BIM in this study provides detailed information during the construction process to ensure comprehensive landslide mitigation.
Landslide is a geological event caused by the movement of rock or land mass that can be defined as the displacement of slope-forming material, which is the original rock as well as the other material that is moving with the gravity. The factors that influence landslides are soil layer, slip surface and saturated soil. Mapping or determining the landslide area is done by identifying several parameters that can trigger landslide. The geophysical method that can be used to analyse soil layer is resistance type of geoelectrical. Variations of each rock or soil layer resistance below the measuring point can be obtained from the measurements of current and potential differences. The research site is located East Aceh district, Indonesia. Geoelectrical measurements using Wenner-Schlumberger electrode configuration. Based on geological information, field observation and geophysical measuring results, the area is dominated by clay, sand and gravel material. Lithology of clay dominates the underside of the surface (until the depth of ± 30 meters. water that is held in sand lithology causes saturation of the sand. this is because there is a layer of clay under the sand which has low permeability or even impermeable properties. Saturated sand lithology can lead to contact between particles and has the potential to weaken it, causing soil movement.
Differential settlement on the fuel tank storage foundation in Banjarmasin fuel depot, Indonesia, cause the tilting of fuel tank storage. Due to this condition, the volume measurement of fuel in the tank becomes inaccurate and difficult to be predicted. This problem affects the fuel distribution in Banjarmasin area if not immediately solved. The structure of tank foundation was built on the soft soil without another support structure. This research carried out the study on improvement of foundation structure system with concrete slab supported by piles on the outside around and "Sistem Cakar Ayam" that spread evenly in the area of the foundation. The numerical study of the proposed improvement of structure model was conducted using SAP2000 and ABAQUS. The vertical and horizontal spring elements were chosen as the support system on the foundation model in SAP2000. In ABAQUS, the model defined as a threedimensional model. The soils idealized by elasto-plastic Mohr-Coulomb model. The slab, piles, and "Sistem Cakar Ayam" defined as elastic material. Based on the numerical analysis results, the analysis using SAP2000 are used to determine the optimum configuration of the pile and there is no excessive differential settlement. A three-dimensional numerical analysis using ABAQUS can represent actual field conditions because the boundary conditions in two-dimensional analysis can be reduced. Reduction of deformations using the proposed system is 70.79%. The proposed foundation system using slab supported by piles and "Sistem Cakar Ayam" are quite effective in reducing the differential settlement due to fuel tank load.
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