Abstract. Yusuf AF, Wibowo WA, Daryono BS. 2022. Genetic stability of melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Meloni) based on inter-simple sequence repeat and phenotypic characteristics. Biodiversitas 23: 3042-3049.A new cultivar must have a character that follows the official criteria of distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) as required for the grant of Plant Breeder Rights and official cultivar registration. Meloni is a new cultivar resulting from plant breeding by the Genetics and Breeding Laboratory of the Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Legality is needed in the form of plant variety protection (PVT)to protect the intellectual rights of researchers. Therefore, this study aims to identify morphological characters according to official criteria and validate molecular feelings by using molecular markers Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat. The results of morphological characterization showed that the distinctive character of the Meloni cultivar lies in the oval shape of the fruit, the skin of the fruit is creamy with a smooth texture without the net, and the flesh of the fruit is orange with a sweet taste. The differences in morphological characters of the Meloni cultivar cultivated at two locations differ in fruit weight, flesh thickness, fruit shelf life, and harvest age. Molecular identification resulted in a low similarity in the phenetic relationship, namely 35% against Sonya cultivars and 51% against Kirani and Kinanti cultivars. The Meloni cultivar's stability and uniformity analysis between the two locations (Bandung, West Java, and Sleman, Yogyakarta) yielded 76%. The difference in cultivation locations did not affect the level of stability and genetic uniformity of the Meloni cultivar.

Abstract. Yusuf AF, Alfiyani A, Salsabila TAS, Kusnanda PS, Hidayati IN, Daryono BS. 2023. Assessment of maturity stage and stability of new Indonesian melon cultivar ‘Melona’ based on ISSR markers and morphological characteristics. Biodiversitas 24: 308-316. Market preferences for horticultural products determine the product’s selling value and absorption. One market criterion often used for the quality of horticultural products is color and maturity level. Color differences can provide a representation of the metabolites contained in a product. This study provides a standard for assessing melons' maturity level, which will be helpful as a benchmark for Indonesian consumer acceptance. In addition, this study also provides information on the stability of the character of the new cultivar 'Melona' from several generations of crosses to obtain superior cultivars. Assessment of maturity level based on color development in 'Melona' is divided into five stages. In the first and second stage, fruit was dominated by green color with Increasing fruit volume. The color change begins in the third stage. in the third stage and the following phases, there is an increase in the accumulation of beta-carotene and characterized by the dominance of orange instead of green. Maximum ripe of ‘Melona’ is characterized by strong yellow lobes, creamy-white interlobes, and orange flesh color. A molecular analysis employing four ISSR primers (UBC-807, UBC-808, UBC-811, and UBC-824) resulted in high uniformity and low genetic variation in the hybrid and parent lines genotype. Analysis resulted a total of 42 DNA fragments with only one polymorphic DNA fragment. The polymorphic DNA fragment was 2,300 bp in size and was found in the female accession 'Melona' and the hybrid 'Melona' based on the UBC-808 primer. The numerical phenetic relationship between male, female and hybrid accession melon cultivars is very close (above 97.6%) and indicated that the melona cultivars were stable.