Introduction: Sexual harassment is a problem that is concerned with public health and has a serious effects on the students' dignity, physical as well as mental health. Knowledge on Sexual harassment equips the students to face such situation courageously. Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge of the undergraduate students on sexual harassment. Methods: A cross- sectional survey was conducted among 408 undergraduate students of selected professional colleges of Udupi district. Data was collected using structured knowledge questionnaire on sexual harassment. Stratified proportionate systematic random sampling technique was used. Result: The study found that 82.4% of the students had average knowledge, 13.2% had good knowledge and 4.4% had poor knowledge on sexual harassment. Conclusion: This study shows that students have average knowledge on sexual harassment which shows that they need further education that may help them to take proper actions if harassment ever occur.
Breast malignancy is the most frequent carcinoma among females across the world and third-most in Nepal. Early diagnosis of breast cancer through breast health awareness and self-examination, in addition to mammography screening, is a highly feasible and useful technique in poorly resourced settings. However, their intentions, whether to modify behaviors or actions, remain debatable and less explained in the literature. So, we aimed to assess how long an educational intervention affects women’s intention to do a breast self-examination (BSE) and mammography screening. After assessing feasibility, one ward was assigned to the intervention (IG; ward number 30) and control group (CG; ward number 33), and then with inclusion criteria, a total of 360 females (180 each in IG and CG) aged 40–75 years enrolled in the study. After the baseline assessment, participants in the IG were delivered an hour-long breast cancer screening-related lecture-discussion- demonstration session that included BSE and mammography, aided with a silicone dummy. The session was carried out by the female trained nurses. Outcome data were obtained at the baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months following the intervention. Attitudes, perceived behavioral controls (PBCs) and behavioral intents (BIs) of both mammography and BSE at baseline were similar in both IG and CG except in case of subjective norms (SNs). Intents of BSE remained effective for 4 months, whereas for mammography, it was effective only at 4 and 12 months. Moreover, attitudes toward both tests remained intact for 4, 8, and 12 months (p = < .05) consistently. With regards to PBCs, women having good control remained only for 4 months in both screening tests. Further, regarding SN, significant mean changes were observed at 4 and 12 months in BSE, and only at 4 months in mammography screening. The session was effective in sustaining BSE and mammography intentions for at least 4 months. To retain the effects longer (up to 12 months), additional educational strategies focusing on subjective norms and perceived behavioral controls of both tests are highly warranted.
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