Omphalopagus twins are one of many forms of conjoined twins sharing part of the gastrointestinal system and abdominal wall. This type of twins has the best chance of survival if successfully separated. Surgical approaches in these cases are generally preferably elective, but sometimes separation may be urgently needed due to life-threatening complications, such as hemodynamic instability, death of either twin, necrotizing enterocolitis, among many others. We report a case of successfully separated omphalopagus twins at day two of life.

Background: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTNB) is a common cause of respiratory distress in late preterm and full-term infants. It is caused by a delay in the clearance of fetal lung fluids. Although TTNB is a self-limited condition, prophylactic antibiotics usually administered for 48-72 hours until negative blood culture is reported. Objective: In this study, we aim to identify the relationship between using prophylactic antibiotics and the duration of tachypnea and hospitalization in neonates with TTNB. Materials and Methods: this was a cohort study design included 102 infants with TTNB. The infants were divided into two groups, one received supportive care, and the other received supportive care with intravenous antibiotics. The clinical signs and laboratory results were examined in the two groups. Results: Of total 102 infants who were included in this study, 41 (40.2%) were received supportive care with prophylactic intravenous antibiotics. There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of gender, gestational age, birth weight, mode of delivery, and white blood cell. A significant relation was found between receiving prophylactic antibiotics with the duration of tachypnea and hospitalization. Conclusions: In the recent study, we found an increase in the hospitalization and tachypnea period in the group received antibiotics.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is chronic arthritis in children and adolescents. It is clinically diagnosed, which includes children under the age of 16 with arthritis for at least six weeks. Cases younger than six months of age are extremely rare. Here we report a rare case in the literature about Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a premature baby, presenting at 21 days of age. The diagnosis was made according to clinical symptoms, laboratory analyses and duration of disease.

Background: Transient tachypnea of the newborn(TTNB) is a common cause of respiratory distress in the postnatal period. It is rarely associated with serious complications that need intensive care. Prediction of the complications during the first hours of hospitalization is very difficult, so the purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level in blood and the course of Transient tachypnea of the newborn (the duration of hospitalization, and the incidence of complications).Material and methods: In a cross-sectional study design included 120 neonates with Transient tachypnea of the newborn who had referred to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Tishreen University Hospital over 1 year period from January 2018 to January 2019. The neonates were classified according to Lactate dehydrogenase measurement as normal or high lactate dehydrogenase level in blood.Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of lactate dehydrogenase and the duration of hospitalization, the incidence of complications, and the frequency of complications.Conclusions: lactate dehydrogenase might be useful for clinicians to predict the duration of hospitalization and the incidence of complications in neonates with TTNB.