Malaria adalah penyakit demam akut yang disebabkan oleh parasit Plasmodium, yang menyebar ke orang-orang melalui gigitan nyamuk Anopheles betina yang terinfeksi Jumlah kasus malaria di Indonesia menurun dari tahun 2009, dengan 418.439 kasus, hingga 2021, dengan 304.607 kasus. Kejadian malaria dipengaruhi oleh variabel lingkungan dan perilaku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan keberadaan kendang ternak dan perilaku penggunaan kelambu terhadap Kejadian malaria di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini adalah meta analisis, dengan menggunakan data bersumber dari Google Scholar. Hasil dari penelitian diketahui bahwa variable yang menjadi factor risiko terbesar adalah keberadaan kandang ternak dengan OR 1,253 dan CI 95% 0,462-2,045. Diikuti oleh variable perilaku penggunaan kelambu dengan OR 0,579 dan CI 95% -0,212-1,370. Hasil uji sensitivitas dengan membandingkan pooled OR fixed effect dan random effect yang diperoleh diketahui relative terjadi peningkatan nilai pada dua variabel. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa seluruh variable (keberadaan kandang ternak dan perilaku penggunaan kelambu) meningkatkan risiko tertular penyakit malaria. Upaya edukasi perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terkait pentingnya penggunaan kelambu pada saat tidur. Upaya modifikasi juga perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi risiko kandang sebagai tempat istirahat nyamuk Anopheles sp dengan membuat barrier antara kandang dan tempat tinggal/rumah.
Vector control needs to be done so that the environment is healthy and free from disease. Flies are one of the vectors for diseases such as diarrhea. Parts of flies that can play a role in disease transmission are legs, wings, body hair, feces and vomit. Flies like habitats with poor sanitation are very attracted to bad smells, piles of wet garbage, vegetables, and scraps of meat, this condition can be described by market conditions. The sweet market in Purwokerto can be a potential place for disease spread. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of fly traps with electric current in reducing fly density in Pasar Manis, West Purwokerto District, Banyumas Regency. This type of research is research and development to develop and test tools and to determine the effectiveness of tools in reducing fly density. Samples were taken non-randomly, namely at TPS, loss of meat and storage of vegetables. The data analysis used was univariate to calculate the effectiveness of using the Flaytrap With Electric Current tool and bivariate analysis using the paired T test to determine differences in fly density before and after treatment. The results of the study obtained a sig value (P-value) of 0.004. The sig value shows that the sig value. (P-Value) α (0.05), so there is a significant difference between the results of measurements of fly density before and after treatment using Flytrap with Electric Current and the efficiency of the tool in reducing fly density by 42.87%. For further research, it is necessary to add attractants with strong odors so that they can attract flies into the trap.
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