La importancia del endemismo radica en la necesidad de conocer y proteger los atributos biológicos e historia evolutiva que representan los taxones endémicos y sus patrones biogeográficos. El endemismo toma un valor ecológico e histórico, si se considera que define zonas geográficas donde hay taxones integrados espacio-tem-poralmente (Nelson & Platnick 1981; Stattersfield et al. 1998; Morrone 2009). La palabra "endémico" proviene del griego "endēmios = nativo". Fue transferido por Candolle (1820) desde la medicina a la botánica para indicar taxones nativos que se distribuyen en un lugar y no en otro (Anderson 1994; Hobohm & Tucker 2014). Aunque los variados usos y aplicaciones del endemismo han ocasionado confusiones Noguera-Urbano, E. A. (2017) El endemismo: diferenciación del tér-mino, métodos y aplicaciones. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n. s.), 33(1), 89-107. RESUMEN. El endemismo es un concepto comúnmente usado para identificar a taxones nativos o grupos biológicos con área de distri-bución restringida. Sin embargo, el endemismo tiene diferentes in-terpretaciones de acuerdo a la aproximación usada para los análisis biogeográficos (ecológico o histórico). Los múltiples usos del ende-mismo han llevado a proponer otros conceptos relacionados con las áreas geográficas ocupadas por los taxones endémicos (área endémica, área de endemismo, centro de endemismo). En algunos casos los re-sultados de las técnicas y protocolos usados para evaluar el endemis-mo son malinterpretados, ya que en la literatura los tres términos son usados como sinónimos. En este orden de ideas, esta revisión discute el concepto de endemismo y su aplicación en múltiples campos del co-nocimiento. Además, se comparan y discuten las técnicas y protocolos usados para evaluar el endemismo. Se concluye que es necesario el uso de un concepto unificado del endemismo, lo cual podría facilitar su in-terpretación tanto en ecología como en conservación y biogeografía. Palabras clave: Biogeografía, Conservación, distribución restringida, endémico, Ecología. Noguera-Urbano, E. A. (2017) Endemism: differentiation of the concept , methods and applications. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n. s.), 33(1), 89-107. ABSTRACT. Endemism is a concept commonly used to identify native taxa or biological groups with restricted range. However, the en-demism has different interpretations according to the approach used in the biogeographic analysis (ecological or historical). The multiples interpretations of endemism have led to propose other concepts related with the geographical areas occupied by the endemic taxa (endemic area, area of endemism, center of endemism). In some cases, the results of the technics and protocols used to evaluate the endemism are misinterpreted because in the literature endemic area, area of ende-mism and center of endemism are used as synonyms. In this order of ideas, this review discusses the concept of endemism, and its application in multiples knowledge fields. The technics and protocols to evaluate the endemism are discussed and compared. It is conclu...
RESUMENCon base en la recolección de ejemplares botánicos en diferentes regiones del estado de Hidalgo y en el estudio de material herborizado depositado en diversas colecciones institucionales, complementado con una revisión bibliográfica, obtuvimos el inventario de la flora epifítica vascular de la entidad. Como resultado de lo anterior se registran para el área de estudio 17 familias (nueve de ellas pertenecientes a las Pteridofitas y el resto a las Magnoliofitas), 64 géneros y 163 especies. Asimismo, se aportan datos sobre la distribución municipal de los taxa y un análisis sobre su representación por tipo de vegetación y por intervalo altitudinal. Se registran por primera vez para el estado los siguientes taxa: Tillandsia filifolia Schltdl. & Cham., T. heterophylla E. Morren, Pleurothallis sp. 1 y Pleurothallis sp. 2. Sólo Laelia gouldiana Rchb. f., Dignathe pygmaeum Lindl. y una especie no descrita del género Goodyera son endémicos del estado.Palabras clave: distribución, diversidad de especies, epífitas vasculares, Hidalgo, México. ABSTRACTBased on the recollection of botanical specimens in different regions of the state of Hidalgo and the study of herbarium material deposited in several institutional collections, supplemented by a literature review, we obtained records of 17 families (nine of them belonging to Pteridophytes and the rest to Angiosperms), 64 genera and 163 species. We also provide data about the municipal distribution of taxa and an analysis of their representation by
<p><strong>Background</strong>: Bromeliaceae family in Mexico has been the object of interest by botanists since 1789; their systematic study was approached from the 1970s onwards, and now there are significant advances in its taxonomic-floristic knowledge.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Question: </strong>How many and which species of Bromeliaceae occur in Mexico? How they are distributed, and how many are endemic?</p><p><strong>Study site</strong>: México, 1887-2017.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: Based on the study of the Mexican Bromeliaceae, including botanical collection, literature review, and revision, analysis and determination of specimens in 50 herbaria, data about species richness, Mexican endemics, and distribution of their taxa in the country, were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: In Mexico are represented four of the eight subfamilies of Bromeliaceae, 19 genera, 422 species, and 8 infraespecific taxa. The genera with the highest number of species in the country are <em>Tillandsia </em>(230/54.5 %), <em>Hechtia</em> (71/16.8 %) and Pitcairnia (50/11.8 %). 318 of the Bromeliaceae species are endemics to Mexico, as well as <em>Ursulaea</em> and <em>Viridantha</em> genera<em>; </em>172 species are microendemic. The entity with the highest number of taxa is Oaxaca, followed by Chiapas, Veracruz and Guerrero. Tlaxcala and Baja California Sur have the lowest species number. Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Ciudad de México, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tabasco y Tlaxcala have not strict endemic taxa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Although progress in the knowledge of Mexican Bromeliaceae has been constant, exploration and recollection work is still required before concluding the Mexican bromeliad flora. It is also necessary to promote studies considering aspects of conservation and sustainable use.</p>
Se describen e ilustran Hechtia nuusaviorum y H. perotensis. La primera es una especie endémica de Oaxaca y la segunda se conoce de los estados de Veracruz y de Puebla, de la región conocida como Valle de Perote.
The state of Guerrero is interesting because of its rich and peculiar Bromeliad flora that includes a large number of endemic species. Based on the study of 1,250 herbarium specimens corresponding to 797 collections, and a detailed bibliographic revision we conclude that the Bromeliad flora known up to now for Guerrero comprises 88 species and 11 genera. The genera Racinaea and Ursulaea and the species Catopsis berteroniana, Hechtia reflexa, Racinaea ghiesbreghtii, Tillandsia andrieuxii, T. gymnobotrya, T. magnusiana, T. marabascoensis, T. polystachia, T. rettigiana, T. tricolor and Ursulaea tuitensis, are recorded for the first time for Guerrero. The states whose Bromeliad flora is most similar to that of Guerrero are Jalisco, Michoacán and Colima, followed by State of México and Morelos. Among the vegetation types occurring in the state, Quercus forest is the richest with 42 taxa, followed by tropical deciduous forest with 33 and tropical subdeciduous forest with 27. The vegetation type with the lowest species number is the Juniperus forest. Finally, an updated catalogue of the Bromeliaceae from the state of Guerrero, including keys to genus and species identification, is presented; also, the species representation and distribution are analized in detail.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.