<p align="justify">El actual sistema electoral canario produce discordancias entre votos recibidos y escaños asignados a los partidos debido (1) a la doble barrera electoral, (2) a que se usan las islas como circunscripciones donde se realizan repartos independientes de escaños a los partidos, (3) y a que el tamaño de estas circunscripciones no es proporcional a sus poblaciones. Ante estas discordancias proponemos como alternativa la técnica del reparto biproporcional, la cual considera tanto los votos totales que reciben los partidos así como un reparto de escaños entre circunscripciones (islas) más ajustado a la población actualizada según el último padrón de cada una de ellas.</p> <p align="justify"><b>The current canary electoral system produces discordances between the votes received and the seats allocated to parties due to (1) the double electoral barrier, (2) the use of the islands as constituencies where independent distributions of seats are made to parties, (3) and the fact that the size of these constituencies is not proportional to their populations. Given these discordances, this paper presents the technique of biproportional allocation as an alternative to the current method. Biproportionality considers both the total votes received by the parties as well as a distribution of seats among constituencies (islands) that is more adjusted to the updated population according to the last census of each one.</b></p>
Resumen:En las elecciones al Parlamento de Cataluña puede ocurrir que el partido más votado reciba menos escaños que otro partido con menos votos. De hecho sucedió en 2003, cuando el PSC recibió unos 7.000 votos más que CiU y sin embargo obtuvo cuatro escaños menos que CiU. El actual sistema electoral catalán produce algunas discrepancias entre los votos totales recibidos por los partidos políticos y los escaños que reciben porque hay varias circunscripciones electorales, y además su magnitud no es proporcional a la población. El objetivo de este estudio es proponer un sistema electoral para Cataluña que evite estas discrepancias. La alternativa que se propone usa el reparto biproporcional, que considera los votos totales que reciben los partidos para determinar la representación de los mismos y un prorrateo de escaños entre provincias en función de la población real y actualizada de cada una de ellas. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que la biproporcionalidad constituye una potente herramienta para eliminar las distorsiones entre votos y escaños en Cataluña.Palabras clave: sistema electoral; Cataluña, proporcionalidad; biproporcionalidad.A proposal of electoral system for Catalonia: biproportional allotment Abstract:In the elections to the Catalan Parliament, the most-voted party may receive fewer seats than another party with fewer votes. Actually this happened in 2003, when the PSC received 7,000 more votes than CiU, yet the former got less than four seats than the latter. The current Catalan electoral system yields some discrepancies between the total votes received by political parties and the seats allotted to them are because there are several constituencies and also their size is not proportional to their population. The objective of this study is to propose an electoral system to avoid these discrepancies in Catalonia. The alternative proposed uses a bi-proportional allocation, which considers the total votes received by the parties to determine their representation and apportionment of seats among provinces in terms of their updated population. The results show that the biproportionality is a powerful tool to eliminate the distortions between votes and seats in Catalonia.
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