BACKGROUND: Cisplatin use in clinical practice has been associated with an increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the hepatoprotective activity of extract ethanol Pometia pinnata on rats induced Cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty rats were separated into six groups (five rats). Group I was received only carboxy methyl cellulose. Group II was received a 7 mg/kgbw Cisplatin injection on day 3. Group III-VI were extract groups (Vitamin C 1%, 100 mg/kgbb, 200 mg/kgbb, and 400 mg/kgbb) administered orally from day 1 to 7, followed by Cisplatin injection on day 3. On day 8, rats were injected with 1% ketamine, open the chest and draw blood directly from the heart and centrifugated 5000 RPM (10–15 min), take the supernatant layer for analysis AST, ALT, total protein, and LDH levels. RESULTS: The effect of extract ethanol of P. pinnata on liver injury biochemical markers AST, ALT, LDH, and total protein. Group negative had a significant increase (p < 0.05) in comparison to the normal that did not receive extract or Cisplatin. Meanwhile, there was a drop in biochemical parameters in the group given the extract in groups dose 100, 200, 400 mg/kgbw. Group VI of biochemical parameters statistically there is no significant different with group normal group (p > 0.05) that showing P. pinnata extract has hepatoprotective activity. CONCLUSION: In summary, extract ethanol of P. pinnata has hepatoprotective effect by reducing the level of AST, ALT, total protein, and LDH levels.

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Salmonella typhi is a bacteria that causes typhoid . In Indonesia, the disease is an endemic throughout the year. Papaya that is often found to have efficacy as an antibacterial agent. The research is aimed to detect the antibacterial ability of ethanol extract papaya seeds to Salmonella typhi . Extraction method was done by soaking using 70 % ethyl alcohol solvent then agar diffusion method was used to find out Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in antibacterial testing. The statistics will be examined through analysis of variance (one way ANOVA with p-value (α) set at 0.05). Liquid dilution method is utilized to assess Minimum inhibitory concentration while drop plate method is made to determine Minimum bactericidal concentration. The research discovered that ethanol extract of papaya seeds contain secondary metabolite compounds such as : phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids at 100 % concentration was effective to inhibit Salmonella typhi growth with an area of 6,86 mm inhibition zone which is categorized as moderate. In this study, Ciprofloxacin was used for positive control and distilled water for negative control. The percentage of sample concentrations used are: 3%, 6%, 12%, 25%, 50% and also 100%. The research used Ciprofloxacin The ethanol extract of papaya seeds was not found to be an effective bactericidal agent against Salmonella typhi.

Background: Aging is a natural process and no one can avoid it. The aging process is also a physiological process that will occur in all living things. This process covers all organs of the body including the skin which is one of the body tissues that directly shows the occurrence of the aging process Aim: This research aims to analyze ethanol’s antioxidant extract of pandanus leaves through DPPH method. Method: This type of research is using experimental research designs to determine the antioxidant activity affected by time, and temperature with the DPPH method, a formulation of the effects of the ethanol extract of fragrant pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifous Roxb). Findings: It has active antioxidant activity and IC50 extract of fragrant pandan ethanol on the 5th day with a temperature of 50° C and on the 3rd day with a temperature of 35° C which is the best antioxidant activity.