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Alongside a family of instruments designed to measure the attitudinal dimension of religion within specific faith contexts (Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism), the Astley-

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That the media is negative towards Islam, Muslims, the Middle East and Arabs was the view of the vast majority of 1,515 adolescents surveyed in York in 2004. When measured against the Attitudes towards Muslim Proximity Index (AMPI) the data showed a significant association between the media as their primary source of information and negative attitudes towards Muslims. But when measured against their level of knowledge of Islam, Muslims, the Middle East and Arabs the media had only a very slight association, and none when measured against their responses to specific questions on their attitudes in this area. Indeed, when measured against their attitudes towards the British National Party (BNP), an organization known for its anti-Muslim stance, the data showed a relationship between watching the news on television and strong disagreement with BNP views. The conclusion is that what negative attitudes the adolescents had were not a direct result of media influence.

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