Highlights Mesonephric carcinomas are rare cancers that arise from mesonephric remnants. Mesonephric-like carcinomas are similar but with mesonephric differentiation. These cases add to the limited literature of these separate but similar entities.

Preterm infants hospitalised in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have limited exposure to adult words and are at increased risk of language delay. [1][2][3][4] Recent studies demonstrate expressive and receptive language delays among preterm infants, which have clinical implications on learning and social development long term. 5,6 Brain injury and environmental factors further increase these risks. 7 Greater parent involvement in the single-family room NICU has been shown to play a beneficial role in ameliorating cognitive and language delays. 8 Despite optimised room structure to encourage parental presence, several factors limit the ability of NICU parents to provide language-rich environments including infant illness, parental post-traumatic stress and depression,

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