Ecosystem-based fishery management requires understanding of relationships between exploited fish and their predators, such as seabirds. We used exploratory regression analyses to model relationships between Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in the diet of seabird chicks at nine nesting colonies in the Gulf of Maine and four types of fishery-and survey-derived herring data. We found several strong relationships, which suggests spatial structuring in herring stocks and likely patterns of herring movements before they recruit into the fishery. Some types of herring data seldom used in stock assessments -notably acoustic surveys, fixed-gear landings, and mass-at-age (i.e., weight-at-age) -correlated as strongly with seabird data as more commonly used series, such as mobile-gear landings and modeled spawning stock biomass. Seabird chick diets collected at specific locations thus offer a promising means to assess the size, distribution, and abundance of juvenile herring across a broad area prior to recruitment, which is a major source of uncertainty in fisheries. Common terns (Sterna hirundo) showed the most potential as a bioindicator, correlating well and showing consistent spatial patterns with 11 of 13 fishery data series.Résumé : La gestion écosystémique des pêches nécessite une compréhension des liens entre les poissons exploités et leurs prédateurs, tels que les oiseaux marins. Nous avons utilisé des analyses de régression exploratoires pour modéliser les relations entre le hareng de l'Atlantique (Clupea harengus) dans l'alimentation de jeunes oiseaux de mer dans neuf colonies de nidification dans le golfe du Maine, et quatre types de données sur les harengs issues de la pêche et de campagnes d'évaluation. Nous avons relevé plusieurs relations marquées qui indiqueraient la présence d'une structure spatiale dans les stocks de harengs et de probables motifs de déplacement des harengs avant leur recrutement dans la pêche. Certains types de données sur les harengs rarement utilisés dans les évaluations des stocks, dont des données de relevés acoustiques, de débarquements de navires à engins fixes et de poids selon l'âge, présentent une corrélation tout aussi forte avec les données sur les oiseaux de mer que des séries plus couramment utilisées, comme les débarquements de navires à engins mobiles et la biomasse modélisée du stock reproducteur. Les régimes alimentaires des jeunes oiseaux de mer prélevés en des sites précis constituent donc une approche prometteuse pour évaluer la taille, la répartition et l'abondance des harengs juvéniles avant leur recrutement à l'échelle d'une grande région, des facteurs qui constituent une importante source d'incertitude dans les pêches. Les sternes pierregarins (Sterna hirundo) montrent le meilleur potentiel comme bioindicateur, puisqu'elles présentent une bonne corrélation et des motifs spatiaux concordants avec 11 des 13 séries de données issues de la pêche. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
Slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) are increasingly being used as indicator species. This has primarily entailed measuring their condition, the assumption being that condition can be used as a surrogate for lipid content. While there is evidence to suggest this assumption is applicable to some fish, it has yet to be validated for C. cognatus. Further, there are several means by which one may calculate condition, the most commonly employed of which are indirect measurements of lipid content (namely, Fulton's K, somatic K (Ks), and Le Cren's relative condition factor (Kn)). We compared the ability of each of these morphometric indices to predict whole-body lipid content in C. cognatus. There was a moderate degree of evidence that Fulton's K, Ks, and Kn are reliable predictors (Ks and Kn in particular). Of the latter we recommend Kn be used because, unlike Ks, it does not require that fish be killed. And while Fulton's K did not perform quite as well, we consider it a sufficient substitute if the data necessary to calculate Kn are unavailable.
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