The aim of this literature review was to study the underlying mechanisms of the association between periodontal disease and prostate cancer. Methods: This study was literature review study, pubmed searching was used to find scientific article about association of periodontal disease and prostate cancer. Results: Direct correlation between periodontal disease and prostrate cancer is still unclear. It was hyphotesized that microorganisms involved in chronic periodontitis may directly induce mutations in the tumor-suppresor genes and proto-oncogenes or alter the signalling pathways that in turn stimulates cancer growth. Conclusion: Periodontal disease may associate to prostate cancer by mutation induction in tumor-suppresor genes.

To investigate the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and dental age in 8-15-yearold orthodontic patients. Material and Methods: Forty-eight children (25 males, 23 females) aged 8-15 years requiring orthodontic treatment participated in this retrospective study. The dental development ages were determined using the Demirjian method and panoramic radiographs. Afterwards, chronological age, height, and weight were recorded. Using the standard equation developed by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, BMI value was calculated and grouped according to BMI percentile classification according to age and gender. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Dental age was significantly accelerated in subjects with increased BMI percentile after adjusting for age and gender (p<0.05). The mean dental age among all subjects was 10.58 ± 2.40. The correlation coefficient (r) showed a strong correlation with a positive direction, which means that the dental age also accelerated by 44.6% in the subjects with increased BMI. Conclusion: There was a linear correlation between increased BMI with accelerated dental age. BMI value and dental age can be considered in determining orthodontic treatment time.

Цель. Сравнительное изучение антропометрических (индекс массы тела (ИМТ), окружность талии (ОТ)) показателей и результатов инструментальных (эластография печени) данных у хирургических пациентов с ожирением и без. Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 120 пациентов, перенесших абдоминальные операции по поводу различных хирургических заболеваний. Пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: контрольная группа - хирургические пациенты без ожирения (n=60) и основная группа - пациенты с ожирением (n=60). Проведен корреляционный анализ результатов эластографии печени и антропометрических данных хирургических пациентов. Результаты. В контрольной группе патологических эластографических изменений печени не обнаружено. В основной группе выявлены эхографические изменения паренхимы печени: диффузные изменения и повышение эхогенности паренхимы печени у 29 (48,3±5,6%) пациентов и неоднородность паренхимы у 31 (51,3±5,6%) пациента (чередование гипои гиперэхогенных участков ткани железы). Эластографические изменения, отмеченные в печени, варьировались в зависимости от ИМТ иОТ. Таким образом, с увеличением ИМТ и ОТ эластичность ткани печени снижалась, а степень гепатостеатоза увеличивалась. Заключение. Выявлена корреляционная зависимость результатов ультразвуковой эластографии печени с ИМТ и ОТ у пациентов с ожирением, особенно у пациентов с висцеральным (абдоминальным) ожирением (чрезмерно отвисшим животом). Ожирение увеличивает выраженность морфологических изменений ткани печени, которые приводят к стеатозу и снижению эластичности печени. Purpose. To evaluate the relationship between liver elastography (LE) and anthropometric measurements - body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) - in surgical obese and nonobese patients. Materials and methods. The study included 120 patients, who underwent abdominal surgery for various surgical diseases. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the control group without obesity (n=60) and the main group with obesity (n=60). The correlation between LE results and the main studied parameters was evaluated with the help of Spearman rank R correlation method. Results.No pathological changes were found in the control group. In the main group, echographically revealed changes were estimated in the liver parenchyma: increased echogenicity of the liver parenchyma in 29 (48.3±5.6%) patients and heterogeneous echogenicity of the parenchyma in 31 (51.3±5.6%) patients (alternating hyperechoic and hypoechoic areas). Elastrographic changes noted in the liver varied depending on the BMI and WC. Thus, with the increase of BMI and WC, the elasticity of the liver tissue decreased and the degree of hepatosteatosis increased. Conclusion.The correlation between the results of ultrasound liver elastography and anthropometric measurements was found in obese patients, especially with visceral (abdominal) obesity (with saggy belly). Obesity increases the severity of morphological changes in the liver tissue, which leads to steatosis and decreased liver elasticity.

The aim of this literature review was to study the underlying mechanisms of the association between periodontal disease and prostate cancer. Methods: This study was literature review study, pubmed searching was used to find scientific article about association of periodontal disease and prostate cancer. Results: Direct correlation between periodontal disease and prostrate cancer is still unclear. It was hyphotesized that microorganisms involved in chronic periodontitis may directly induce mutations in the tumor-suppresor genes and proto-oncogenes or alter the signalling pathways that in turn stimulates cancer growth. Conclusion: Periodontal disease may associate to prostate cancer by mutation induction in tumor-suppresor genes.

Objective. To study up a connection between indices of the functional hepatic tests and  the body mass index (BMI) in patients after the operation. Маterials and methods. In 59 оperated patients a BMI was calculated, as well as biochemical hepatic tests: activity of alaninaminotransferase (AlAT) in the blood serum, aspartataminotransferase (АsAТ), γ-glutamintransferase (γ-GТ) and a general bilirubin content. Basing on the BMI indices, all the patients were divided into three groups. Into Group I 30 patients were included with BMI 18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2, into Group II - 20 patients with excessive body mass, the BMI values 25.0 - 29.9 9 kg/m2, and into Group III - 9 patients with obesity, the BMI values more than 30 9 kg/m2. The blood serum activity of AlAT, AsAT, γ-GТ, alkaline phosphatase, indices of bilirubin, international normalized ratio and C-reactive protein were determined in accordnce to standard mrthods. In all the patients the data of hepatic function testing were analyzed before the operation and in 1, 3, 5 days after the operation. Results. In Groups I and II the values of АlAТ, АsAТ and γ-GТ were in borders of normal range. The changes were observed on the first and third postoperative day in Group III. Average activity (±SD) of the blood serum АlaТ and АsAТ in Group I have constituted (25.7 ± 9.8) and (24.9 ± 7.8) U/L (p < 0.01), in Group II - (32.5 ± 9.1) and (25.2 ± 7.1) U/L (p < 0.01), in Group III - (46.2 ± 13.5) and (31.9 ± 10.6) U/L (p < 0.01). Conclusion. In high BMI in patients, who had hepatic fatty degeneration, a hepatic enzymes activity was raised significantly, comparing with patients who had not hepatic fatty degeneration. Raised activity of hepatic enzymes in the blood serum was connected with high BMI. That’s why a high rate of hepatic fatty degeneration is observed in patients with raised BMI.