RESUMENObjetivo Estimar el impacto de la estrategia de Información, Educación y Comunicación sobre la infestación de Aedes aegypti en viviendas de La Dorada. Métodos Estudio transversal adelantado entre junio y julio de 2008 en La Dorada, Colombia. Se seleccionaron 228 viviendas donde se midió presencia del vector a través del método rapid sweeping para formas inmaduras en tanques y de captura activa para adultos. Simultáneamente, una encuesta midió la exposición a la estrategia. La base de datos se analizó en EPI info 2000. Se calcularon Razones de Prevalencia e intervalos de confianza al 95 %. Resultados Las viviendas que no tenían larvas se caracterizaban por tener mujeres cabeza de familia o moradores con conocimiento acerca de las larvas y la forma de transmisión del dengue. Aquellas viviendas donde se lavaba el tanque de agua al menos una vez por semana, carecían de formas inmaduras. La presencia de mosquitos adultos era más frecuente en las casas que tenían más de un tanque. Cerca del 80 % de los encuestados adquirieron el conocimiento de transmisión del dengue a través de la estrategia. Conclusiones Si bien la estrategia no ha sido aplicada en todos sus componentes, se encontraron factores que podrían tener un efecto protectivo al estar relacionados con ausencia del vector. El estudio revela solo un éxito parcial de la estrategia en La Dorada.Palabras Clave: Aedes, dengue, entomología (fuente: DeCS, BIREME). ABSTRACTObjective Estimating the impact of the Information, Education and Communication strategy on Aedes aegypti infestation in homes in La Dorada, Colombia.

Migration is not only an act of moving from one place to another, but a complex process that involves phases such as preparations prior to emigration, the move, the arrival, and the return 1. Forced migration is defined as people's emigration without a clear idea of whether they want to leave or stay 2. The causes include armed conflict, ethnic or religious persecution, megaprojects development, and natural disasters 3. There are basically two types of forced migrants: refugees and internally displaced persons. The difference between the two is that refugees cross international borders 4 , while the forced migration of internally displaced persons does not involve crossing borders 5. In recent years, globalization and development processes, as well as, cross-border armed conflicts between states themselves and between states and militias 6 have led to a global increase in forced migration 7,8. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 9 , there were 22.5 million refugees in the world in 2016. The number of internally displaced persons reached 31.1 million that same year 7. According to the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), forced displacement is concentrated in Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. The IDMC believes that forced internal displacement is "unnoticed" despite its magnitude, due to cross-border refugees' greater visibility. In addition, forced internal displacement reflects the states' weakness where the migrants are located 7. This is due to a situation of statelessness, in which migrants are deprived of their citizens' rights by force, within their own homeland 10. The state is thus responsible for the wellbeing of internally displaced persons, as well as for restoring their rights. If the state fails to guarantee these conditions, the internally displaced will remain in their stateless condition. The IDMC also argues that if this group of migrants grows over time, it can lead to an exodus of refugees 7 , due to the states' incapacity to provide solutions to this problem for their citizens. Migration can also be considered a social phenomenon with repercussions on health. It becomes a particular challenge for public health, since migrants may have special needs. Travel medicine has already raised the hypothesis 5,11 that migrants can be carriers of infectious agents. Locals populations might be vulnerable because they have not been previously exposed to a given disease, or their immunity may be diluted with the entry of migrants. Likewise, customs, practices, and responses to the migrants' stressful situations can influence social cohesion and affect the health of local populations 12. Meanwhile, migrants' needs can pose a challenge to the extent that their entry reveals problems in the host areas, concerning the supply of government services such as access to healthcare 13,14 .

WNV is endemic in Romania on large territories. The human infections appear continuously as sporadic cases and occasionally severe outbreaks and represent an important public health problem in Romania. The investigations for the evaluation of the emergence risk with a view to apply preventive and control measures were carried out.Methods & Materials: The values of the seroprevalence of specific IgG antibodies against WNV in its vertebrate hosts (domestic and wild birds and horses) by specific ELISA techniques were evaluated. The virus detection (by RAMP test and/or RT-PCR), virus isolation (by inoculation on suckling mice) and identification (by a multi-level protocol based on RT-PCR, nested and sequencing) from mosquitoes were performed. The confirmed human cases of neurological infections were registered.Results: The high seroprevalence of specific IgG antibodies against WNV detected in its vertebrate hosts showed the enzootic circulation of the virus on very large territories in Romania. The virus was detected in females of several main vector species in Romania, including Culex pipiens, during the annual transmission periods, and in C. pipiens males (showing the vertical transmission of the virus) and over-wintering females of this species (confirmation of the WNV passing over winter in Romania). The virus was detected also in Coquillettidia richiardii, Ochlerotatus caspius and Anopheles maculipennis s.l. The virus was isolated several times from Culex pipiens collected in Bucharest and 1 Decembrie rural area. Human WNV cases were confirmed every year after epidemics in 1996.Conclusion: The enzootic circulation of West Nile virus is registered in Romania in very large territories where Culex pipiens and other vector species are present and /or dominant. All these data together with the permanent emergence of human cases confirm the endemic presence of this virus in Romania.http://dx.

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