Patients with IFI have increased ischial and femoral neck angles compared with controls. These anatomical variations in pelvic morphology may predispose to IFI. MRI is a useful method of not only assessing the osseous and soft-tissue abnormalities associated with IFI, but also of quantifying anatomical variations in pelvic morphology that can predispose to IFI.

Neck fat compartments expand differently with increasing adiposity, correlate with CVD risk factors, and are associated with metabolic syndrome, most notably NATpost and NATsc in women. Although neck circumference remains an important method to assess metabolic risk, cross-sectional NAT assessment provides further insight into fat accumulation in the neck. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02205021.

ObjectiveTo measure FDG uptake in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue of metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) compared to metabolically healthy lean (MHL) subjects. Given that MHO have increased metabolic risk, we hypothesized that MHO and MAO display similar VAT FDG uptake.Design and MethodsWe examined 18F-FDG-PET/CT studies of 141 adults (n=60 MHL, n=20 MHO, n=61 MAO) to determine VAT and SAT volumes and FDG uptake. Data on CVD risk factors (BMI, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, serum lipids, and fasting plasma glucose) were collected.ResultsMHO and MAO had similar VAT FDG uptake (P=0.74), both significantly lower than MHL (P<0.01) independent of age and gender. SAT FDG uptake was similar across all groups (P>0.2) independent of age and gender. In all groups, VAT FDG uptake was higher than SAT (P<0.0001). In separate sub-analyses of obese groups, VAT FDG uptake was more broadly negatively associated with whole-body adiposity than SAT FDG uptake, and FDG uptake in abdominal adipose depots was positively associated with liver density (P<0.05).ConclusionsFDG uptake in VAT of MHO is similar to MAO and lower than MHL, suggesting these subjects may present similar VAT dysfunction.

We aimed to test the hypothesis that noninvasive fat density by computed tomography (CT) increases after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and correlates with improved cardiometabolic risk. We examined 21 obese adults before and 12 months after RYGB and 16 obese nonsurgical controls followed for 12 months. Visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) density increased after RYGB (P<0.0001) while remaining stable in controls (P≥0.1). In RYGB subjects, 12-month increase in VAT density correlated with decreased CRP independent of change in VAT area or BMI (both P<0.05). Twelve-month increase in SAT density correlated with increased HDL-cholesterol independent of change in SAT area (P=0.048), BMI (P=0.03), or statin use (P=0.002), and 1 unit increase in SAT density had increased odds of higher total abdominal fat loss (P=0.002).