The presence of apolipoprotein (Apo) E4 is a genetic risk factor in cognitive impairment. Physical exercise contributes to slowing cognitive impairment in older adults, but little is known about the influence of exercise on ApoE4 carriers and noncarriers. The objective of systematic review is to study the role of physical exercise in older adults' ApoE4 carriers and noncarriers. A systematic literature search was carried out in five international databases: PubMed, Web of Science, PeDro, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus. A total of nine randomized controlled trials were included with a sample size of 2,025 subjects (901 ApoE4 carriers). The exercise reported a significant improvement on cognitive performance in older adults' ApoE4 noncarriers (standardized mean difference [SMD]= 0.653; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-1.00; chi 2 = 35.36; degrees of freedom [df ]= 7; P< 0.0001; l 2 = 80%). It was also reported that a total program duration greater than 50 sessions generated different and significant effects on cognitive performance in older adults' ApoE4 noncarriers (SMD= 0.878; 95% CI, 0.14-1.61; chi 2 = 31.82; df= 3; P< 0.0001; l 2 = 91%). The results reported that high intensity generated a differential effect on cognitive performance in older adults' ApoE4 carriers versus noncarriers (SMD= 0.963; 95% CI, 0.25-1.67; chi 2 = 18.11; df= 3; P< 0.0004; l 2 = 83%). The effect of physical exercise on cognitive performance in older adults is conditioned by the presence or not of ApoE4.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess evidence on the effects of aquatic exercise in pregnant women. The search included the following databases: Medline-PubMed, Web of science, PEDro, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases. Seventeen randomized controlled trials were included (n = 2439, age 20–39 years; 31.30 ± 1.30 years). The systematic review carried out has indicated that aquatic exercise in pregnant women appears to have positive effects on preventing excessive maternal weight gain, improving maternal body image, as well as promoting healthy behavior, decreasing medical leave due to lower back pain during pregnancy, preventing gestational depression by improving maternal glucose tolerance levels, and reducing O’Sullivan test values. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database was used to evaluate the quality of the methodology of the selected studies, which were found to present an average methodological quality (PEDro scale: 5.05 points). Meta-analysis showed that aquatic exercise in pregnant women appears to have positive effects in the prevention of excessive maternal weight gain (mean difference −1.66 kg, 95% CI −2.67 to −0.66) and also to reduce birth weight mean differences (−89.13 g, 95% CI −143.18 to −35.08). The practice of aquatic exercise is appropriate throughout pregnancy. However, more research is needed to build more solid knowledge on the benefits of aquatic physical exercise on physical fitness (endurance, flexibility, agility and strength).

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Objetivo: Comprobar si el índice de masa corporal (IMC), el índice cintura-cadera (ICC), circunferencia de cintura (CCi), circunferencia de cadera (CCa) y porcentaje de grasa corporal se correlacionan entre sí en personas mayores de 60 años. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional en 1055 personas mayores de 60 años de diferentes países europeos pertenecientes al proyecto europeo IN COMMON SPORTS. Se realizó una valoración inicial de las variables antropométricas. Resultados: Correlación significativa del IMC con el porcentaje de grasa corporal, CCi y CCa pero no con el ICC. El ICC presenta correlaciones proporcionales significativas con el CCi, e inversamente proporcionales con el CCa. El género masculino muestra una correlación significativa entre el ICC y IMC, pero no con el porcentaje de grasa corporal. El IMC promedio muestra una tendencia general alta para ambos géneros. Mujeres mayor porcentaje de grasa. Conclusión: El IMC se correlaciona con ICC, CCa y CCi pero dependiendo del género. Los hombres mostraron correlaciones significativas entre IMC e ICC, pero en las mujeres no se encuentran correlaciones de estas medidas.