Standardized olfactory tests are now available to quantitatively assess disorders of olfaction. A Brazilian-Portuguese version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) is currently being developed specifically for the Brazilian population. The most recent Brazilian-Portuguese version of the UPSIT (UPSIT-Br2) was administered to 88 Brazilian subjects who had no history of neurological or otorhinolaryngological disease. UPSIT-Br2 scores decreased with age, were lower in men than in women, and were lower in subjects with lower income. The degree to which the poorer performance of subjects with lower socio-economic status reflects lack of familiarity with test items is not known. Although this version of the UPSIT provides a sensitive and useful test of smell function for the Brazilian population, a revision of some test items is needed to achieve comparable norms to those found using the North American UPSIT in the United States. Key words: olfaction, odor, smell identification, olfactory test, smell test, UPSIT, Brazil, Portuguese, Brazilian, income.Aplicando uma nova versão brasileira do UPSIT no Brasil RESUMO Testes padronizados já estão disponíveis para testagem do olfato e uma versão em Português esta sendo desenvolvida para o University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), especificamente para a população brasileira. A versão mais recente deste teste (chamada UPSIT-Br2) foi aplicada a 88 sujeitos brasileiros que não tinham história de qualquer problema neurológico ou otorrinolaringológico. Compatível com dados prévios da literatura, a performance no UPSIT-Br2 decaiu com a idade e foi inferior no genero masculino. Os resultados foram mais baixos em participantes de menor nível sócio-econômico e a relação deste achado com a falta de familiaridade para com os itens do teste não é conhecida. Apesar desta versão do UPSIT poder ser útil para o teste da função olfativa da população brasileira, a revisão de alguns itens se faz necessária para alcançar valores comparáveis aos dados normativos norte-americanos. Palavras-chave: olfato, olfação, teste de olfato, UPSIT, Brasil, Português, fatores socioeconômicos. A normal sense of smell is critical for safety, nutritional status, and quality of life. While the importance of olfaction is understood by the food and cosmetic industry, it is often neglected by clinicians as an important cause of morbidity and is seldom assessed in clinical practice. This is due, in part, to the fact that self-reported olfaction is unreliable. A recent study 1 compared the prevalence of olfactory im- Correspondence
Even students that obtain a high grade in neurophysiology often carry away a serious misconception concerning the final result of the complex set of events that follows the arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic terminal. The misconception consists in considering that "at a synapse, information is passed on from one neuron to the next" is equivalent to (and often expressed explicitly as) "the action potential passes from one neuron to the next." More than half of four groups of students who were asked to comment on an excerpt from a recent physiology textbook that openly stated the misconception had no clear objection to the text presented. We propose that the first culprit in generating this misconception is the term "synaptic transmission," which promotes the notion of transferring something or passing something along (implicitly unchanged). To avoid establishing this misconception, the first simple suggestion is to use words like "synaptic integration" rather than "synaptic transmission" right from the start. More generally, it would be important to focus on the function of synaptic events rather than on rote listing of all the numerous steps that are known to occur, which are so complex as to saturate the mind of the student.
O presente artigo se propõe a investigar como está a produção de pesquisa em ensino da Enfermagem no que concerne à educação científica, ao ensino específico das disciplinas básicas para Ciências da Saúde, suas estratégias e seus impactos. O método de levantamento de dados foi realizado por meio de pesquisa nas plataformas SciELO e LILACs em língua portuguesa. Os resultados obtidos mostram que mesmo descritores que versam inequivocamente sobre ensino e ciências trazem um grande volume de artigos em sua franca maioria não relacionados com os descritores pesquisados, e, mesmo refinando-se a busca, os resultados são muito inferiores em volume em relação a outros tipos de produção em ensino da enfermagem. Os resultados sugerem a existência de um grande potencial de expansão na produção científica de pesquisa em ensino da Enfermagem nas áreas de Ciências Básicas da Saúde no Brasil.Palavras-chave: educação em enfermagem; ciências da saúde; ensino; enfermagem em saúde pública. ABSTRACTThis article aims to investigate what has been produced on research in Nursing education regarding to science education, teaching of specific disciplines on Health Sciences, their strategies and impact. The method of data collection was conducted through search in the platforms SciELO and LILACs only in Portuguese. The results show that even descriptors that deal squarely on education and science bring a large volume of articles unrelated to the search keywords, and even refining it the results are much lower in volume compared to other types of production in nursing education. The results suggest the existence of a large potential for expansion in the production of scientific research in Nursing education in the areas of Basic Sciences of Health in Brazil.
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