Novel adsorbent Ni–Co–S/SDS (nickel cobalt sulfide/sodium dodecyl sulfate) nanocomposites have been synthesized by a simple and eco-friendly approach using water as a solvent at low temperature. The prepared nanocomposites structure and morphology were studied by powder XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, FT-IR, TGA, and also the surface area and surface charge of the adsorbents were measured by BET and ζ-potential. These nanocomposites showed an excellent adsorption property for both cationic {crystal violet (CV), rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), Nile blue A (NB)}, anionic {methyl orange (MO) and Congo red (CR)} organic dyes and Cr­(VI) metal ions. They exhibited maximum adsorption capacity 3598.23 mg g–1 for CR, 3284.08 mg g–1 for MO, 4417.79 mg g–1 for NB, 3598.23 mg g–1 for CV, 1451.64 mg g–1 for MB, 773.47 mg g–1 for RhB and 583.67 mg g–1 for Cr­(VI) ions respectively, which are higher adsorption capacities than reported and exhibited an efficient adsorption property for both cationic and anionic dyes. Furthermore, nanocomposites showed adsorption efficiencies greater than 95% after regenerated and reused up to five times. Moreover, it followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and an isotherm best fit with the modified Zhu and Gu model. Based on the adsorption studies, FT-IR and ζ-potential measurements studies confirm that the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions are the predominating factors for first step adsorption process and second step is hydrophobic interaction between adsorbates. Overall, remarkable adsorption capacity and reusability of Ni–Co–S/SDS nanocomposites elucidate the scope as an environmental remedy for industrial applications.

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Synthesis of cobalt sulfide nanostructures (NS) with tunable phases was achieved by changing the reaction temperature through facile precipitation method. Prepared NS were fully characterized by powder Xray diffraction, UV−vis spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Xray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy, selected area electron diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller analysis. The NS synthesized at 90 °C (CoS) have photocatalytic property, while at 70 °C (Co 4 S 3 ) they were found to have adsorption activity. This change of property with the tuning of the phases of cobalt sulfide was observed for the first time to our knowledge. On the one hand, organic dyes such as rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), crystal violet, and nile blue were subjected to photocatalysis under visible light irradiation at pH 6.8 and were found to degrade organic dyes rapidly and efficiently with only 2% loss of activity after the seventh cycle of reaction. On the other hand, the adsorbent has shown extremely high adsorption efficiency with maximum adsorption capacity for Congo red (3270 mg/g), RhB (1138 mg/g), and MB (629 mg/g). The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order rate kinetics and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The reusability of adsorbent was found up to eighth cycle without significant loss of activity.

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AIMTo determine whether addition of simvastatin could be an important pharmacological rescue therapy for carvedilol non-responders.METHODSOne hundred and two consecutive patients of cirrhosis of liver with significant portal hypertension were included. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) was measured at the base line and after proper optimization of dose; chronic response was assessed at 3 mo. Carvedilol non-responders were given simvastatin 20 mg per day (increased to 40 mg per day at day 15). Carvedilol plus simvastatin was continued for 1 mo and hemodynamic response was again measured at 1 mo.RESULTSA total of 102 patients with mean age of 58.3 ± 6.6 years were included. Mean baseline HVPG was 16.75 ± 2.12 mmHg and after optimization of dose and reassessment of HVPG at 3 mo, mean reduction of HVPG from baseline was 5.5 ± 1.7 mmHg and 2.8 ± 1.6 mmHg among responders and non-responders respectively (P < 0.001). Addition of simvastatin to carvedilol non-responders resulted in significant response in 16 patients (42.1%) and thus overall response with carvedilol and carvedilol plus simvastatin was seen in 78 patients (80%). Two patients were removed in chronic protocol study with carvedilol and three patients were removed in carvedilol plus simvastatin study due to side effects.CONCLUSIONAddition of simvastatin to carvedilol non-responders may prove to be an excellent rescue therapy in patients with portal hypertension.