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In space, semiconductor devices are vulnerable to various effect of high energy level of radiation causing single event upsets (SEU), damaging or altering the lattice structure. In this work, p-CuGaO2was selected due to its relatively wide bandgap and a visibility transmittance up to 80% as a potential semiconductor material capable of withstanding harsh radiation environment. p-CuGaO2thin films were deposited by RF powered sputtering on indium tin Oxide (ITO) substrates at 250°C deposition temperature and annealed at 300 °C. Structural morphology and optical properties of CuGaO2 thin film were investigated before and after irradiation. The samples were irradiated using Cobalt-60, gamma-ray with a dose ranging from 10 kGy-200 kGy. The structural properties reveal that the CuGaO2 films shows a diffraction peak at 20=38.051° (012) before irradiation. The optical properties of deposited CuGaO2 thin film, exhibits approximately 75% optical transmittance in the invisible region at pre-irradiation and post-irradiation results shows a decrease of optical transmittance of 55%. At a dose of 200 kGy, the band gap of CuGaO2 is 3.62 eV which indicates that it is still within the acceptable range of a semiconductor properties. Early results of CuGaO2 shows good mitigation towards irradiation thus indicating that CuGaO2 thin film is capable of withstanding harsh radiation environment while retaining its semiconductor properties.

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This study explores the factors affecting workplace well-being in building construction projects. The objectives of this study are (1) to investigate the critical factors for workplace well-being in building construction projects, (2) to compare the critical factors between large enterprises (LEs) and small-medium enterprises (SMEs), and (3) to compare the critical factors between high-rise building construction projects and non-high-rise building construction projects. Data from 21 semi-structured interviews with construction industry professionals in Malaysia and a systematic literature review were used to develop a potential list of factors. Then, the factors were used to create a survey that was distributed to industry professionals. Data from 205 valid responses were analyzed using mean score ranking, normalization, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and overlap analysis. Fourteen critical factors were determined, including salary package, working hours, project progress, planning of the project, workers’ welfare, relationship between top management and employees, timeline of salary payment, working environment, employee work monitoring, communication between workers, insurance for construction worker, general safety and health monitoring, collaboration between top management and employee, and project leadership. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by identifying the critical factors for improving workplace well-being. The study findings allow researchers and practitioners to develop strategies to promote workplace well-being in building construction projects.