Inspired by Michel Foucault's notion of subjugated knowledge, this paper elaborates an analytical framework seeking to unsettle the authority of contemporary psychology. This framework focuses on the performative dimension of psychology and other 'psy-regimes', namely the practices and actions that may be undertaken on the basis of these forms of knowledge. We probe this framework by exploring the emergence, utilization and demise of spiritualism (1880s to 1920s) and psychotechnics (1920s to 1960s) in Denmark. On the basis of this framework, we argue that the rise and fall of these psy-regimes may be understood neither in terms of (inadequate) epistemological rigour nor in terms of social repression, but instead as radically contingent events that correlated with particular programs and techniques seeking to promote human happiness and productivity.

Discussão: O ensino em meio clínico evidencia menor satisfação estudantil, traduzindo os elevados rácios em disciplinas clínicas. Dependendo do número de admissões, existem diferenças significativas entre Escolas. A qualidade das estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem e articulação hospitalar podem igualmente ser variáveis importantes. Conclusão:As Escolas com maior número de admissões podem ser mais suscetíveis a baixos resultados de satisfação estudantil. Elevados rácios estudante-tutor em disciplinas clínicas podem reduzir a qualidade do ensino em meio clínico e inibir a aquisição de competências.Palavras-chave: Alunos de Medicina; Educação Médica; Escolas Médicas; Portugal; Programas de Autoavaliação. ABSTRACT Introduction:Experiences of clinical and nonclinical learning environments, as well as assessment and study environments influence student satisfaction with their medical schools. Student-tutor ratios may impact on their perception of clinical learning environments. The aim of this study was to analyze medical students' satisfaction and student-tutor ratios in relation to medical schools' number of admissions. Material and Methods:A questionnaire was created, regarding learning, assessment and study environments in eight medical schools. 2037 students participated in this cross-sectional study. Cronbach's alpha (internal consistency) was calculated and principal component analysis was conducted. Pearson correlations and multiple comparisons were analyzed.Results: Assessment environments showed the highest satisfaction scores and clinical learning environments the lowest scores. The national student-tutor ratio in clinical rotations is 7.53; there are significant differences among schools. Institutions with higher number of admissions showed the lowest scores of overall student satisfaction (r = -0.756; p < 0.05), which decreased with progression in the medical course. High student-tutor ratios are strongly correlated with low levels of satisfaction regarding clinical learning environments (r = -0.826; p < 0.05).Discussion: Clinical learning environments show the lowest satisfaction scores, which may expose the effect of high ratios in clinical rotations. Depending on the number of admissions, significant differences between medical schools were found. Quality of teachinglearning strategies and articulation with hospitals might also be important variables. Conclusion:Medical schools with more admissions might be more susceptible to lower scores of student satisfaction. High studenttutor ratios in clinical rotations may reduce the quality of learning experiences and inhibit the acquisition of competences.

Este artigo pretende analisar de que maneira acontece o merchandising nas redes sociais por meio da ação de digital influencers. O objeto de estudo é o Instagram e, principalmente, a sua nova ferramenta: os Insta Stories. Supõe-se que os atores sociais possuem um grande poder de influência e utilizam o aplicativo para publicizar marcas. Para a análise, serviram de exemplos publicações em perfis de artistas com um número expressivo de seguidores. Fez-se uma reflexão sobre ciberespaço e esfera pública, redes sociais e merchandising com o propósito de identificar as estratégias utilizadas pelos influencers em questão para formar opinião sobre determinadas marcas e, sobretudo, incentivar o consumo de produtos. Foi possível perceber que as pessoas famosas, principalmente as do meio artístico, além de praticar a autopromoção, atuam também na condição de digital influencers, promovendo marcas, ora de maneira sutil, ora mais evidente. As estratégias de merchandising baseiam-se na inter-relação das ferramentas da rede social e no carisma associado à imagem do influenciador.

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