The purpose of this report is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) for recurrent inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM). It was a prospective interventional study of a young female, who was a known case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. She presented with an inflammatory choroidal neovascualar membrane and signs of panuveitis in the right eye. She underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. She was given intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and IVTA at different sites. There was complete regression of CNVM and ocular inflammation within a week. After six months, she had recurrence of CNVM in the same eye, which was treated similarly. There was a complete resolution of CNVM and ocular inflammation after the combination therapy and systemic steroids, until one year of follow-up. No serious systemic or ocular adverse events were noted. Combination therapy appears to be an effective and safe method in the management of recurrent inflammatory CNVM.

In this article we herein report an interesting vitreo-macular interface abnormality associated with chronic diabetic cystoid macular edema. It is an observational case study of three diabetic patients examined in the diabetic clinic. All the patients had proliferative diabetic retinopathy with chronic macular edema. A serial cross sectional OCT examination and tracking of both the longitudinal progression of macular thickening and vitreo-macular interface revealed cystoid macular edema with a characteristic hyperreflective vitreous shadow emerging from the vitreofoveal interface. All the patients had dehiscence of inner retinal layers. This particular morphological feature at the vitreo-foveolar interface, which we name as "volcano sign", has not been described earlier. The probable mechanism of such a finding probably could be due to slow progressive leakage of chronic cytoid fluid into the vitreous with condensation of the overlying vitreous. Vitreo-macular traction followed by posterior vitreous detachment probably would have contributed to such a morphological event.

An observational case report of a 32 year Asian seen in Rashid hospital emergency. He presented with bilateral proptosis and bloody eye discharge of two weeks duration. Fever, headache and general weakness of one week duration. There was no prior history of leukaemia or any systemic illness. Clinical examination revealed asymmetrical axial proptosis with restricted extra ocular movements. Diffuse subconjuctival haemorrhage with bloody eye discharge, Figure 1. Anterior segment and fundus examination was unremarkable. A complete blood counts, flow cytometry studies and computerized tomography (CT) were done. ResultsComplete blood counts and differential counts are shown in Table 1. Flow cytometry showed, 77% of the cells were blasts. The blasts were positive for cytoplasmic CD3 (85%), CD7 (95%), CD 10 (82%), CD2 (35%) and CD38.The blasts were double negative for CD8 and CD4 with a sub clone (almost 12 % of the cells ) showing expression of CD8. The blasts also showed aberrant expression of CD13 (98%).The blasts were negative for surface CD3, CD5, CD34 and TDT. They were also negative for myeloid markers CD117, cytoplasmic MPO and CD33. The blasts were negative for HLA DR, CD20, CD22, CD19, CD79a, and for both CD16 and CD56. These results were consistent with the

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