The Scales showed their reliability and validity. They could be employed to assess attitude to these priority intervention areas in Spanish adolescents, and to evaluate this intermediate result of health interventions and health programs.
Fundamento. Validar escalas para evaluar la actitud adolescente hacia la sexualidad (EAS), las sustancias adictivas (EASA) y la seguridad vial (EASV), y examinar sus relaciones con comportamientos en dichas áreas. Material y métodos.Se diseñaron las escalas mediante revisión bibliográfica, se validó su contenido mediante panel Delphi on-line con 18 expertos y pretest con 21 alumnos de cuarto de educación secundaria obligatoria en Sevilla. Éstas se administraron junto a preguntas sobre comportamientos a otros 188 alumnos para determinar su validez de constructo (análisis factorial exploratorio), fiabilidad (Alfa de Cronbach) y su correlación con las variables: edad, gé-nero, inicio de relaciones sexuales, consumo de sustancias y prácticas viales.resultados. La escala EAS-10 obtuvo un α=0,73, EASA-12 de α=0,80, y EASV-12 de α=0,79. Mostraron evidencias de unidimensionalidad en el análisis factorial, a) pesos r>0,30 en el primer factor, que explicaba una proporción importante de varianza, b) varianza total explicada por factores principales mayor al 50%. Se encontraron correlaciones entre EASA-12 y experimentación con tabaco (r=-0,43, p<0,001) y alcohol (r=-0,30, p<0,001), edad de inicio al alcohol (r=0,32, p=0,003), edad de la primera borrachera (r=0,31, p=0,003), y consumo de sustancias (r=-0,55, p<0,001), y entre EASV-12 y practicas viales seguras (r=0,41, p<0,001), experimentación con tabaco (r=-0,23, p=0,003) y alcohol (r=-0,22, p=0,003), edad de la primera borrachera (r=0,22, p=0,003), y consumo de sustancias (r=-0,27, p=0,014).conclusiones. Las escalas demostraron validez y fiabilidad. Pueden ser utilizadas para valorar la actitud de adolescentes españoles hacia estas áreas, determinar su papel mediador en la adopción de comportamientos y diseñar y evaluar programas de salud.Palabras clave. Adolescencia. Actitud frente a la salud. Conducta de riesgo. Escala. Estudios de validación. aBstractBackground. To validate scales to measure adolescent attitudes toward sexuality (EAS), toward addictive substances (EASA) and toward vial security (EASV), and to examine their correlations with behaviour on these areas. Methods.We designed the scales by literature review; we validated their content using a Delphi-on-line panel with 18 experts, and a pre-test with a sample of 21 fourth-grade high-school students (similar to 10th in US) in Seville, Spain. The scales were administered to 188 fourth-grade highschool students in order to test their construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), their reliability (Alpha Cronbach test), and to determinate their correlations with age, gender, experience of sexual intercourse, substance use and road behaviour.results. EAS-10 obtained α=0.73, EASA-12 obtained α=0.80, EASV-12 obtained α=0.79. They showed evidence of onedimensional interpretation after factor analysis, a) all items achieved weights r>0.30 in the first factor, which explained a significant proportion of variance before rotations, and b) total variance explained by the main factors extracted was greater than 50%. We ...
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