IntroductionThe incidence of some fatal diseases, including HIV/AIDS, accompanied by depression has become a significant concern in developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. A great deal of time and money are spent on controlling and reducing the complications of this infection across the world. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to clarify the global prevalence rate of depression in patients living with HIV/AIDS via a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodologyAll articles in English, published between 2000 and 2018, were systematically searched from the original databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Embase. As a result, a total of 118 articles were identified.ResultsThe total sample size in these articles was 51143 people, and the number of patients suffering from moderate and severe levels of depression was 14 942. The results of the analysis based on the random-effects (DerSimonian and Laird) model revealed that the prevalence rate of depression in patients with HIV/AIDS was 31% (95% CI 28% to 34%), with a 98% heterogeneity index which was reported significant. Meanwhile, the highest prevalence rate of depression based on continent was in South America at 44% (95% CI 35% to 53%) and the lowest rate was in Europe at 22% (95% CI 17% to 27%).ConclusionIn general, there was a higher prevalence rate of depression in developing and underdeveloped countries than in developed countries, which could be attributed to the advancement of science and the possibilities for early diagnosis of this syndrome.Trial registration numberCRD42019119137.

KeywordsElectronic medical record (EMR), physician, technology acceptance model (TAM), diffusion of innovation theory (DOI), structural equation modeling (SEM) SummaryBackground: In order to fulfill comprehensive interoperability and recognize the electronic medical records (EMRs') benefits, physicians' attitudes toward using and applying EMR must be recognized. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to present an integrated model of applying EMRs by physicians. Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which a sample of 330 physicians working in hospitals affiliated to the Tehran University of medical sciences (TUMS) was selected. Physicians' attitudes toward using and accepting EMR in health care have been analyzed by an integrated model of two classical theories i.e. technology acceptance model (TAM) and diffusion of innovation (DOI). The model was tested using an empirical survey. The final model was tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) and represented by Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). Results:The results suggest that the hybrid model explains about 43 percent of the variance of using and accepting of EMRs (R2=0.43). The findings also evidenced that Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Relative Advantage, Compatibility, Complicatedness and Trainability have direct and significant effect on physicians' attitudes toward using and accepting EMRs. But concerning observeability, significant path coefficient was not reported. Conclusions:The integrated model supplies purposeful intuition for elucidates and anticipates of physicians' behaviors in EMRs adoption. The study identified six relevant factors that affect using and applying EMRs that should be subsequently the major concern of health organizations and health policy makers.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse effect on the mental health of population worldwide. This study was conducted to systematically review the existing literature to identify the individuals at higher risk of anxiety with a view to provide targeted mental health services during this outbreak. Methods In this study, the studies focusing on anxiety prevalence among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic were searched in the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and Google Scholar from the beginning of Covid-19 pandemic to February 2021. Results 103 studies constituting 140732 people included in the review. The findings showed that anxiety prevalence was 27.3% (95% CI, 23.7%; 31.2%) among general population while the prevalence in COVID-19 patients was 39.6% (95% CI, 30.1%; 50.1%). Anxiety was significantly higher among females and older adults (p≤0.05). In addition Europe revealed the highest prevalence of anxiety 54.6% (95% CI, 42.5%; 66.2%) followed by America 31.5% (95% CI, 19%; 47.5%) and Asia 28.3% (95% CI, 20.3%; 38%). In the general population the highest prevalence of anxiety was in Africa 61.8% (95% CI, 57%-66.4%) followed by America 34.9% (95% CI, 27.7%-42.9%), Europe 30.7% (95% CI, 22.8%-40%) and Asia 24.5% (95% CI, 20.7%-28.9%). Conclusion During the COVID-19 crisis, through identifying those who are more likely to be suffered from mental disorders at different layers of populations, it would be possible to apply appropriate supportive interventions with a view to provide targeted mental health services during the outbreak.

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The gap between education and the clinical practice has always been challenge for educational experts in the field. This article aims to explore the perspective of Iranian nursing experts about strategies used for coordinating education and clinical performance in nursing. This qualitative study was conducted by using a conventional content analysis approach; individual interviews were conducted at the participants’ work place; while focus group discussions took place at the Nursing and Midwifery Faculty of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Participants in this study included nursing instructors, educational supervisors and nursing managers with a clinical background and teaching experience of at least five years. In addition, a graduate nursing student and a nursing PhD candidate were also interviewed to ensure data saturation. Purposive sampling was conducted between April 2016–October 2017 among scholars and nursing professional experts who were highly experienced in this field. The two focus groups, obtained the views of nursing managers and educational supervisors working in educational hospitals. Analysis involved open stepwise coding with an emphasis on continuous comparison of data, and reference to written notes of the interviews. The analysis process was carried out in three main phases of preparation, organization, and reporting. The results of this study were classified in three main categories: developing context base curriculum, interactive collaboration among nurses and faculties, the Design and Implementation of a Standard Clinical Guideline. It seems that strong intention and active participation of all beneficiaries are needed to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Creating an appropriate context for nurses and nursing trainers for mutual learning along with the use of pragmatic language in the form of clinical guidelines can help decrease this gap.