Groundwater is a valuable resource for developmental activities, and its demand is growing as surface water becoming scarce. Groundwater demand is increasing, resulting in reduction in water level and deterioration in water quality. 156 groundwater samples were taken in the district of Gaya, Bihar, to check the safety of drinking water. The quality of the obtained sample was assessed using a variety of physicochemical characteristics. For evaluating water quality, statistical methods were used as they are effective and efficient. This study uses SPSS software to perform multivariate statistical analysis on the groundwater samples. The quality of groundwater was assessed using a water quality index (WQI). 17% of the sample were found to be of very poor quality and not consumable. The KMO's sample adequacy value of 0.703 and the significance level of Bartlett's test of sphericity (0.0001) were calculated indicating that PCA may be implemented appropriately on the data to extract relevant information. Using the PCA, the three components recovered explained 69.581 percent of the total variation. A multivariate statistical method called cluster analysis is also used to draw conclusions from complicated data. The major parameters affecting the water quality in the study region are TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3-, Cl-, F-, and PO42-. These results may be used for water quality assessment leading to improved environmental management and planning, and in decision-making for water quality management.

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